乳酸菌缓解伴侣动物肠道炎症的作用机制及研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.05.046

Abstract

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a gastrointestinal inflammatory condition that poses significant health risks to companion animals.The primary clinical manifestations include vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal pain,bloody mucous stools,and weight loss.Currently,there is no definitive cure for IBD,and its precise pathogenesis remains unclear.Lactic acid bacteria (LAB),recognized as essential probiotics,have the potential to modulate gut inflammatory disorders by influencing relevant signaling pathways and inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators.LAB can directly or indirectly regulate metabolites,thereby increasing the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid,which play a pivotal role in protecting the intestinal mucosa and intestinal epithelial cells by providing direct energy,and consequently mitigating intestinal inflammation.LAB can suppress Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway,thereby reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines,and diminishing the expression of tight junction proteins such as ZO-1 and Occludin,as well as Claudin 1.Furthermore,LAB have been shown up-regulating interleukin-22 (IL-22) through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR),which subsequently impacts the activity of immune cells,including T cells and B cells,thereby influencing the overall immune response.Following in the gut,LAB generally induce beneficial alterations in the intestinal microbiota by reshaping and enhancing the diversity of beneficial microbial populations.They can also modulate certain microRNAs (miRNAs),after transcription,exert positive effects on innate immune responses,help maintain intestinal barrier,and reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines.Additionally,LAB regulate the expression of Th1,Th17 and Treg-related cytokines,and play a therapeutic and intervention role in inflammatory bowel disease.By exploring the mechanism of action of LAB,we hope to provide more theoretical support for the future use of LAB in the treatment of IBD.

Key words: inflammatory bowel disease; lactic acid bacteria; short chain fatty acids; mechanism; inflammatory

CLC Number:

SUN Jintao, GU Xinshu, WANG Jinquan, WANG Xiumin, TAO Hui, WANG Zhenlong, HAN Bing. Mechanisms and Recent Advances of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Treating Intestinal Inflammation in Companion Animals[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(5): 2442-2448.

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Mechanisms and Recent Advances of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Treating Intestinal Inflammation in Companion Animals

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