China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine ›› 2025, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 1250-1262.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.03.027

• Preventive Veterinary Medicine • Previous Articles    

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus Proliferation and Immune Evasion in Host Cells

LI Haiyang1,4, GAO Yongyu1,2, LI Hanwen3, FENG Hongsheng1,4, XIAN Yuhan1,4, YANG Siyu1,4, SANG Chenjun1,4, CAO Yudie1,4, TANG Yue1,4, LI Zibin1,4, GAO Fengshan1,4   

  1. 1. College of Life and Health, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China;
    2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
    3. College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
    4. The Dalian Animal Virus Antigen Epitope Screening and Protein Engineering Drug Screening Key Laboratory, Dalian 116622, China
  • Received:2024-08-02 Published:2025-02-22

Abstract: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease infected with cloven-hoofed animals,caused by Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV).The disease has the characteristics of multiple transmission routes and fast transmission speed,so as to cause huge economic losses to global livestock farming.Therefore,FMD is classified as the top of category A in animal infectious diseases by the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH).The authors review the updated research on the genomic structure,the mechanism of proliferation and immune evasion of FMDV,which revealed the mechanism of invading cells and replicating and expression for FMDV in the host depending on the integrins receptor,the heparan sulfate receptor,as well as a third "receptor" that has not yet been discovered,and illustrating the mechanism of evading the natural immunity of the host that has been evolved during the striving of FMDV and host with each other.It is also found that multiple structural and non-structural proteins have participated in the inhibition of the activation of natural immunity signaling pathways.By studying the mechanisms of cell proliferation and immune escape of FMDV,elucidating the pathogenic mechanism of FMDV can provide ideas for improving the prevention and control of FMD in the future.

Key words: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV); proliferation; immune evasion; infection mechanism

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