添加不同水平黑曲霉对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数、甲烷排放及微生物区系的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.013

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to study the effects of Aspergillus niger on rumen fermentation in vitro,methane emission and microflora of dairy cows,and provide theoretical basis for the rational application of Aspergillus niger as a feed additive in dairy cow production. 【Method】 In vitro rumen fermentation device was used to divide into four groups:Group A (control group),groups B,C and D.0,15,20 and 25 mg of Aspergillus niger (spore concentration ≥1.0×10⁹ /g) were added to the fermentation bottle (including artificial feed and culture medium) of each group,respectively.Each treatment was repeated 3 times,and 3 blank groups were set up to correct the gas and methane content (blank group did not contain feed,only culture medium).Gas and methane production were measured at 3,6,9,12 and 24 h after the beginning of culture.After 24 hours of culture,the pH,ammonium nitrogen (NH₃-N),microbial protein (MCP),volatile fatty acid (VFA) and microbial community diversity of rumen were analyzed. 【Result】 Compared with group A,the pH of rumen fermentation fluid of groups B,C and D were significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the NH₃-N content was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).The MCP content in groups C and D was significantly higher than that in group A (P＜0.05),while that in group B was significantly lower than that in the other three groups (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in VFA content,acetic acid/propionic acid ratio and TVFA content among all groups (P＞0.05).The ratio of CH₄ production to total gas production in group A was significantly higher than that in groups B,C and D (P＜0.05).16S rRNA sequencing showed that there was no significant difference in rumen microbial Alpha and Beta diversity index between groups B and A (P>0.05).Among the top 10 bacteria in rumen at phylum level,Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant bacteria in rumen of dairy cows,and there was no significant difference between groups A and B (P＞0.05).Spirochaetota had a significant negative correlation with PA and NH₃-N content (P＜0.05).Fibrobacterota was positively correlated with pH (P＜0.05),and negatively correlated with VA,BA,AA,CH₄ and NH₃-N contents (P＜0.05).Among the top 10 bacteria in rumen at genus level,Prevotella and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group were the dominant bacteria in the rumen of dairy cows.Compared with group A,the relative abundance of Succinivibrio in group B was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group was positively correlated with NH₃-N content (P＜0.05).There was a significantly positive correlation between the contents of VA,BA,AA,CH₄ and NH₃-N with Bacteroidales_RF16_group (P＜0.05).Compared with group A,the absolute content of bacteria and methanogens in group B was significantly increased (P＜0.05).The absolute content of protozoa in group B was significantly reduced (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Besides improving the rumen fermentation environment of dairy cows,the addition of Aspergillus niger affected the production of VFA,NH₃-N,MCP and methane emission by regulating the microbial community structure in rumen,revealing the potential complex mechanism of microbial intervention to improve the health and production efficiency of dairy cows.

Key words: Aspergillus niger; rumen fermentation in vitro; methane emission; microflora

CLC Number:

S816.7

LI Ruonan, WANG Haotian, LI Heping, LIU Zhiyong, LIU Yang, ZHONG Kai. Effects of Supplemental Levels of Aspergillus niger on Rumen Fermentation Parameters in vitro,Methane Emission and Microflora in Dairy Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 624-635.

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Effects of Supplemental Levels of Aspergillus niger on Rumen Fermentation Parameters in vitro,Methane Emission and Microflora in Dairy Cows

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