母猪妊娠期不同能量水平对后代公猪生长性能、睾丸发育与免疫的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.11.006

Abstract

Abstract: The experiment was aimed to study the effect of energy level during pregnancy on testicular development and immunity of offspring and its mechanism. 30 Landrace×Yorkshire(LY) sows (7-9 parity) with similar weight and backfat thickness were selected, and randomly divided into 2 groups, each group had 15 repetitions and 1 sow per repetition. From the day of pregnancy, normal energy (CON) and low energy diet (LE, 12.55 MJ/kg) were fed respectively until delivery. All sows were fed the same diet during lactation. After parturition, 15 offspring boars with an average weight ±0.05 kg were selected respectively from CON and LE groups, and fed with the same diet during the experiment. The experiment was ended at 120 day of age. The body weight of boars in each month was recorded, the daily gain and average daily feed intake were calculated. Blood samples were collected at 28 and 120 d for serum biochemical indexes and immune-related cytokines, and testis were collected at 28 and 120 d for testicular cell count and immune-related genes detection. The results showed that compared with control group, the average daily gain from 0 to 59 d in LE group was significantly decreased (P<0.01), the average daily feed intake from 28 to 89 d and the testicular weight on 0 day were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the testicular index on 28 d was significantly increased (P<0.05). The number of Leydig cells at 0 and 120 d, germ cells at 120 d and Sertoli cells at 28 and 120 d in LE group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). TG content 28 d and T content at 120 d of serum were significantly increased (P<0.01), E2 content was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in LE group. The contents of TG, T and E₂ were influenced by time and energy (P<0.01). The contents of TC and HDL-C in blood of LE group were significantly decreased at 120 d (P<0.01), and there was no interaction between time and energy among LDL-C, TC and HDL-C (P>0.05). The results of immune-related cytokine assay showed that the concentrations of IL-1α, TNF-α, IL-1β and IgG in the blood of boars increased significantly with the increasing of boar age (P<0.01), and TNF-α and IL-1β had the interaction of energy and time. Compared with control group, the content of TNF-α in LE group at 28 d was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the level of IL-1β in LE group at 120 d was significantly increased (P<0.05). The relative expression level of ZO1 gene at 28 d and Occludin gene at 0 and 28 d in LE group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the relative expression level of JAM1 gene at 28 and 120 d was significantly increased (P<0.05). The relative expression level of CCL4 gene at 0 d and IL-1α gene at 28 d was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the relative expression level of CCL2 gene at 0 and 120 d and ICAM1 and JAK2 genes at 28 d was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the relative expression of TLR1 gene at 28 d and TNFRSF1A gene at 0 d were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the relative expression levels of NFKBIA, IL-1β and IFNG genes at 0 d were significantly increased (P<0.05). In summary, 12.55 MJ/kg energy intake during pregnancy could reduce the daily gain, average daily feed intake and testicular weight of offspring boars, reduce the number of germ cells in testis of offspring boars and the expression of immune-related cytokines and testicular genes, which had a profound impact on the immune ability and reproductive performance of adult offspring.

Key words: pregnant sows; energy; cytokines; immune; gene expression

CLC Number:

S828

WU Junzhe, XU Xueyu, WU De, CHE Lianqiang, FANG Zhengfeng, FENG Bin, XU Shengyu, LI Jian, ZHUO Yong, LIN Yan, TAO Zhiyong. Effect of Different Energy Levels of Pregnant Sow on the Testicular Development and Immunity of Male Offspring[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(11): 3962-3974.

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Effect of Different Energy Levels of Pregnant Sow on the Testicular Development and Immunity of Male Offspring

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