哺乳动物精子线粒体研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.09.019

Abstract

Abstract: Sperm mitochondria is the key organelles to maintain sperm motility for mammals,which play important roles in regulating sperm hyperactivation,capacitation,acrosome reaction and fertilization.The unique morphological characteristics and specific isomer enzyme of mammalian sperm mitochondria give them unique kinetics and regulation properties.The oxidative phosphorylation in sperm mitochondria is an important way to maintain sperm motility,and a proper amount of reactive oxygen produced during this process is crucial for maintaining sperm function,however,excessive level may lead to sperm damage and accelerate sperm apoptosis.Mammalian sperm plasma membrane phosphatidylserine valgus and related caspase activation cascades cause apoptosis.Interestingly,unlike somatic mitochondria,mitochondrial calcium signaling may not be involved in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway of sperm.Increasing studies focus on mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption which are believed to be sensitive indicators to evaluate mammalian sperm mitochondrial functions.Mammalian sperm mitochondria have their own genetic systems,and mitochondrial gene copy numbers may serve as markers for non-invasive measurement of sperm quality and fertility.This paper mainly reviews the structure of mammalian sperm mitochondria,the formation of mitochondrial sheath,and the relevant biological functions,including the oxidative phosphorylation process in mitochondria,the advantages and disadvantages of reactive oxygen species on sperm,and the involvement of mitochondria in calcium homeostasis and cell apoptosis.Apart from that,the studies related to mitochondrial membrane potential detection,oxygen consumption and mitochondrial genome were summarized,which provided a basis for further exploration of sperm motility mechanisms involved in mitochondria.

Key words: sperm; mitochondria; oxidative phosphorylation; calcium homeostasis; mitochondrial DNA

CLC Number:

S814.8

XU Bingbing, ZHANG Jiaxin, WANG Ruijun, WANG Zhiying, LI Xuewu, SONG Guoxin, ZHANG Meina, GUO Fuqiang, ZHANG Junjie, ZHANG Yanjun, SU Rui, LIU Zhihong, LI Jinquan. Research Progress on Mammalian Sperm Mitochondria[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(9): 2651-2657.

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Research Progress on Mammalian Sperm Mitochondria

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