中国畜牧兽医

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5个不同家畜品种骨骼肌氨基酸含量分析

骆巍1,杨钟2,孟丽云1,张文广1,苏蕊1   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,动物遗传育种与繁殖自治区重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特 010018;2.呼和浩特市疾病预防控制中心,内蒙古呼和浩特 010020
  • 收稿日期:2014-03-06 出版日期:2014-08-20 发布日期:2014-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 苏蕊(1980—),女,内蒙古人,博士,研究方向:绒山羊遗传育种。
  • 作者简介:骆巍(1987—),男,内蒙古人,硕士生,研究方向:绒山羊遗传育种。
  • 基金资助:

    国家绒毛用羊现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-40-05);国家自然科学基金(31201773)。

Analysis of Amino Acids in Skeletal Muscles of 5 Different Livestock Breeds

LUO Wei1,YANG Zhong2,MENG Li-yun1,ZHANG Wen-guang1,SU Rui1   

  1. 1.Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; 2.Hohhot Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hohhot 010020, China
  • Received:2014-03-06 Online:2014-08-20 Published:2014-08-22

摘要: 本试验旨在通过对内蒙古绒山羊骨骼肌中氨基酸含量进行测定,并与之前文献报道的绵羊、牛、猪、鸡骨骼肌中氨基酸含量进行检测比较并分析。结果显示,试验检测的7种必需氨基酸含量物种间差异较大,但总含量都在35%以上,含量从大到小依次为:猪、鸡、绵羊、绒山羊、牛。绒山羊和绵羊的谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸含量较高,提示鲜味氨基酸含量较高可能是羊肉味鲜美的主要原因。聚类分析结果显示19个绒山羊肌肉样品中的17个与所有绵羊、牛及鸡聚在一起,牛、绵羊与猪完全分开,提示反刍动物和单胃动物体内与鲜味相关的氨基酸模式存在差异。本研究为揭示反刍家畜骨骼肌蛋白特性提供了重要试验依据,并对将来深入揭示绒山羊肉质特性形成的机理提供一定的理论依据。

关键词: 绒山羊; 骨骼肌; 氨基酸; 肉质特性

Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the amino acid contents of skeletal muscles among Inner Mongolia cashmere goat, sheep, cattle, pig and chicken. The results revealed that the percentages of 7 essential amino acids were abundant, which were all over 35%. The contents varied among different livestocks and the order was pig, chicken, sheep, cashmere goat and cattle. As the palatable taste amino acid, the percentage of Glu and Asn in cashmere goat and sheep were the highest in all the breeds. This might be the reason why the mutton was palatable. The coefficient of variation (CV) of amino acid revealed that the CV of Asp was lowest in all 17 amino acids. So the content of Asp could be used to calculate the contents of essential amino acid, palatable taste amino acid and total amino acid. The results of cluster analysis showed that the contents of amino acids in 17 samples from cashmere goats were clustered together with all the samples from sheep, cattle and chicken, the pig was clustered in another group. It suggested that the amino acid patterns were different between ruminant and simple stomach animals. This study supplied important evidences for the research of skeletal muscles protein and was meaningful for revealing the mechanism of the formation of meat characteristics.

Key words: cashmere goat; skeletal muscle; amino acid; meat characteristic