山羊骨骼肌发育相关非编码RNA研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 山羊肉具有肉质细嫩、脂肪和胆固醇含量低等特点，深受消费者喜爱。骨骼肌是动物机体的重要组成部分，很大程度上影响山羊的产肉量和肉品质。许多基因、信号通路和分子参与调控骨骼肌的生长发育，如生肌调节因子家族(MRFs)、配对盒基因家族(PAX)、MAPK信号通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路等。非编码RNA(ncRNA)包括微小RNA(miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)、环状RNA(circRNA)等，通过对这些基因和信号通路进行调控，进而在骨骼肌的生长发育过程中发挥重要作用。如miR-495-3p、miR-101a、miR-27b、lncR-125b等能够促进骨骼肌卫星细胞的分化；miR-99b-3p能够促进骨骼肌卫星细胞增殖。部分lncRNA通过充当miRNA海绵，调节靶基因的表达，进而调控骨骼肌的生长发育。对参与调控山羊骨骼肌发育的ncRNA进行研究，有利于了解山羊骨骼肌的生长发育过程，对于肉品质的改善也有重要作用。作者简要介绍了山羊骨骼肌发育相关miRNA、lncRNA、circRNA的功能及相关的调控机制，为进一步研究ncRNA调控山羊骨骼肌发育提供参考。

关键词: 山羊; 骨骼肌发育; miRNA; lncRNA; circRNA

Abstract: Goat meat has the characteristics of tender meat,low fat and cholesterol content,and is loved by consumers.Skeletal muscle is an important part of the animal body,which greatly affects the meat yield and meat quality of goats.Many genes,signaling pathways and molecules are involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle growth and development,such as myogenic regulatory factor family (MRFs),pair-box gene family (PAX),MAPK signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,etc.Non-coding RNA (ncRNA),including small RNA (miRNA),long non-coding RNA (lncRNA),circRNA,etc.,play an important role in the growth and development of skeletal muscle by regulating these genes and signaling pathways.For example,miR-495-3p,miR-101a,miR-27b and lncR-125b can promote the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells,and miR-99b-3p can promote the proliferation of skeletal muscle satellite cells.Some lncRNA act as miRNA sponges to regulate the expression of target genes and the growth and development of skeletal muscle.The study of ncRNA involved in regulating the development of skeletal muscle in goats is helpful to understand the growth and development process of skeletal muscle in goats,and also plays an important role in the improvement of meat quality.The author gives a brief introduction of miRNA,lncRNA and circRNA related to skeletal muscle development in goats and their related regulatory mechanisms,providing some references for further studies on the regulation of ncRNA on skeletal muscle development in goats.

Key words: goats; skeletal muscle development; miRNA; lncRNA; circRNA

中图分类号:

S852.16⁺3

李静轩, 林岩娇, 黄琼君, 韩新燕, 张月朗. 山羊骨骼肌发育相关非编码RNA研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(2): 582-592.

LI Jingxuan, LIN Yanjiao, HUANG Qiongjun, HAN Xinyan, ZHANG Yuelang. Research Progress on Non-coding RNA Related to Skeletal Muscle Development in Goats[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 582-592.

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