中国畜牧兽医

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鸡发酵床不同垫料理化性质及微生物菌群变化规律的研究

李娟1,石绪根2,李吉进3,邹国元3,王海宏4   

  1. 1.江西农业大学期刊社,江西南昌 330045;2.江西农业大学农学院,江西南昌 330045;3.北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京 100097;4.北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所,北京 100097)
  • 收稿日期:2013-06-07 出版日期:2014-02-20 发布日期:2014-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 王海宏(1971—),女,河北人,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向:饲料、饲养与畜禽健康养殖。E-mail: haioulantian@126.com
  • 作者简介:李娟(1987—),女,宁夏人,硕士,研究方向:有机废弃物在农业中的循环利用。 石绪根(1984—),男,山东人,博士,讲师,研究方向:农药毒理与有害生物抗药性。 李娟与石绪根对本文具有同等贡献,并列为第一作者。
  • 基金资助:

    北京市农林科学院一般项目“生态健康养鸡综合配套技术研究示范”。

Study on Physic-chemical Properties and Microorganisms of Litter during Feeding Broilers in Deep-litter System

LI Juan1,SHI Xu-gen2,LI Ji-jin3,ZOU Guo-yuan3,WANG Hai-hong4   

  1.  (1.Periodical Press,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;2.College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China; 3.Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;4.Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)
  • Received:2013-06-07 Online:2014-02-20 Published:2014-03-27

摘要: 本试验通过发酵床饲养肉鸡期间对5个不同养殖场的垫料(常规垫料(CK)、70%常规垫料+30%玉米秸秆(70% CK+30% S)、40%常规垫料+60%玉米秸秆(40% CK+60% S)、10%常规垫料+90%玉米秸秆(10% CK+90% S)、20%常规垫料+60%玉米秸秆+20%沸石(20% CK+60% S+20% Z))理化性质进行测定,拟找出垫料理化性质及微生物菌群的科学变化规律,为发酵床养殖提供科学有效的养殖方法及理论依据。结果表明,饲养肉鸡期间,发酵床垫料理化性质不断变化,各处理垫料同一元素变化规律相近,全氮、全磷、全钾、pH、电导率(EC)均随着饲养肉鸡的进行,其含量呈逐渐升高趋势,总菌数呈递减的趋势,大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量基本没有变化,垫料有益菌群数量降低。提示,为保证发酵床垫料发酵活性的持续进行,饲养肉鸡期间,必须适时适量补充发酵床菌液,增加翻挖垫料次数,以维持垫料的发酵活性。

关键词: 发酵床; 垫料; 理化性质; 微生物菌群

Abstract: In order to study the change rule of physic-chemical properties and microorganisms of litter during feeding broilers,and provide scientific and effective farming methods and theoretical basis for deep-litter system,5 treatments were carried out and there were traditional litter (CK),70% traditional litter+30% corn straw (70% CK+30% S),40% traditional litter+60% corn straw (40% CK+60% S),10% traditional litter+90% corn straw (10% CK+90% S),20% traditional litter+60% corn straw+20% zeolite (20% CK+60% S + 20% Z).The results showed that each treatment had same regulation,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,pH and EC were found rising gradually during feeding broilers period.The count of total bacteria was reduced, but the E.coli and Salmonella were not significant changed.The key to promote fermentation of litter was that supply helpful microbial liquid within suitable ranges in deep-litter and increase the number of stirring litter during feeding broilers period.

Key words: deep-litter system; litter; physic-chemical properties; microorganisms