饲喂全株青贮玉米对藏香猪肠道微生物的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.02.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究饲粮中添加全株青贮玉米对藏香猪肠道微生物菌群的影响。【方法】选用日龄和体重((24.26±2.78)kg)相近的藏香猪40头,公母各半,随机分为两组,对照组和试验组,每组20头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组以30%全株青贮玉米等量替代基础饲粮,饲喂时间为7个月。饲养试验结束后采集粪样共40份,每组20份。利用16S rRNA基因测序技术分析全株青贮玉米对藏香猪肠道微生物组成和结构的影响。【结果】两组共鉴定出19个门、33个纲、67个目、123个科、277个属、524个种。其中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)是藏香猪肠道微生物优势门。试验组肠道微生物Shannon指数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。利用Wilcoxon秩和检验的方法进行两组比较分析发现,与对照组相比,试验组藏香猪肠道微生物中螺旋体门(Spirochaetota)、纤维杆菌门(Fibrobacterota)、密螺旋体属(Treponema)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)和链球菌属(Streptococcus)相对丰度显著升高(P＜0.05);放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和Christensenellaceae_R-7_group相对丰度显著减少(P＜0.05)。LEfSe分析结果显示,试验组非解乳糖链球菌(Streptococcus alactolyticus)和嗜淀粉乳杆菌(Lactobacillus amylovorus)丰度显著高于对照组(P＜0.05)。【结论】饲喂全株青贮玉米改变了藏香猪肠道微生物菌群的结构,提高了有益菌的相对丰度,可对肠道健康产生积极的影响。

关键词: 全株青贮玉米; 藏香猪; 肠道微生物

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study aimed to explore the effects of adding whole-plant corn silage to the feed on the gut microbial community of Tibetan pigs.【Method】 A total of 40 Tibetan pigs with similar age and weight ((24.26±2.78) kg), half male and half female, were randomly divided into control and experimental groups, with 20 pigs in each group.The pigs in control group were fed basal diet, while the pigs in experimental group were fed the basal diet with 30% whole-plant corn silage replacing.Feeding time was 7 months.After the feeding period, 40 fecal samples were collected, 20 from each group.The 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology was used to analyze the effects of whole-plant corn silage on the composition and structure of the gut microbiota in Tibetan pigs.【Result】 The results showed that a total of 19 phyla, 33 classes, 67 orders, 123 families, 277 genera, and 524 species were identified in both groups.The dominant phyla were Firmicutes and Bacteroidota.The Shannon index of gut microbiota in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).A Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the abundance of microbial taxa between two groups.The experimental group showed a significant increase in the abundance of Spirochaetota, Fibrobacterota, Treponema, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus, while Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, and Christensenellaceae_R-7_group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Results of the LEfSe analysis showed that the abundance of Streptococcus alactolyticus and Lactobacillus amylovorus were significantly increased in the experimental group compare to control group (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Feeding whole-plant corn silaga altered the structure of gut microbiota, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in Tibetan pigs, and might have a positive impact on gut health.

Key words: whole-plant corn silage; Tibetan pigs; gut microbiota

中图分类号:

S816.5⁺3

吴丹宁, 张亚南, 黄涛, 周晓龙, 汪涵, 李向臣, 李洪军, 文军, 张琪, 赵阿勇, 杨松柏. 饲喂全株青贮玉米对藏香猪肠道微生物的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(2): 530-539.

WU Danning, ZHANG Yanan, HUANG Tao, ZHOU Xiaolong, WANG Han, LI Xiangchen, LI Hongjun, WEN Jun, ZHANG Qi, ZHAO Ayong, YANG Songbai. Effects of Whole-plant Corn Silage on the Gut Microbiota of Tibetan Pigs[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(2): 530-539.

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