猪肠道微生物组成、影响因素及其对重要经济性状的影响研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.07.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 肠道微生物在调节宿主生理机能、代谢和免疫功能等方面发挥着非常重要的作用，是影响猪健康和重要经济性状表型的重要因素之一。近年来，人们对猪肠道微生物的研究和了解越来越深入，了解猪肠道微生物组成将有助于为从肠道菌群方向入手改善猪群健康和提高生产性能提供参考。作者首先综述了不同发育阶段、不同肠道部位以及主要商品猪和中国地方猪肠道核心菌群组成；其次系统总结了宿主遗传背景、饲粮种类、性别、环境以及抗生素、益生菌和饲料添加剂使用等因素对猪肠道微生物组成的影响；最后概述了猪肠道微生物主要功能及其对饲料利用率、脂肪沉积、宿主行为和免疫炎症等方面的影响。

关键词: 猪; 肠道微生物; 核心菌群; 功能; 影响因素

Abstract: Gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating host physiology,metabolism and immune function,and is one of the important factors affecting pig health and economic traits.In recent years,the researches and understanding of porcine gut microbiota have become more and more in-depth.Understanding the composition of porcine gut microbiota can provide the references for improving pig health and production performance from the perspective of gut microbiota.The author firstly reviewed the composition of gut core bacteria in different developmental stages and gut locations of commercial and Chinese indigenous pig breeds.Then,the effects of host genetic background,diets,sex,environment,and the use of antibiotics,probiotics and feed additives on the gut microbial composition were systematically summarized.Finally,the main roles of porcine gut microbiota on feed efficiency,fat deposition,host behavior and immune inflammation response were summarized.

Key words: pigs; gut microbiota; core bacteria; function; influencing factors

中图分类号:

Q935

李卓君, 陈春香, 钟小菊, 高军. 猪肠道微生物组成、影响因素及其对重要经济性状的影响研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(7): 2557-2566.

LI Zhuojun, CHEN Chunxiang, ZHONG Xiaoju, GAO Jun. Research Progress on Porcine Gut Microbiota Composition, Influencing Factors and Its Effects on Economically Important Traits[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(7): 2557-2566.

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