饲喂丁酸梭菌对肉鸡盲肠黏膜形态和转录组的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.09.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】在肉鸡养殖中饲喂丁酸梭菌具有促进生长和提高饲料转化效率的作用,但其机制尚不明确。本研究采用转录组测序技术和组织学染色方法,研究饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌对肉鸡盲肠黏膜的影响,为丁酸梭菌的应用提供试验基础和理论支持。【方法】选取120只爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,随机分为2组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌(1×10⁹ CFU/kg),试验期为28 d,全程自由采食和饮水。在28日龄时每个重复随机选取1只肉鸡处死,采集盲肠黏膜样品,应用RNA测序技术检测盲肠黏膜组织的转录组学特征,应用组织染色镜检分析盲肠黏膜的形态变化。【结果】试验共鉴定出123个差异表达基因,其中上调70个,下调53个;GO功能富集分析发现,与物质转运、细胞活力和抗氧化应激相关的功能基因显著或极显著富集(P＜0.05;P＜0.01);KEGG通路富集分析显示,注释到维生素、氨基酸和O-聚糖的生物合成以及apelin信号通路的相关基因最为丰富。与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡盲肠黏膜中屏障功能相关蛋白如密封蛋白2(Claudin 2)、Claudin 15、Claudin 19、Claudin 23和紧密连接蛋白1(TJP 1)、TJP 2、TJP 3以及黏蛋白1(Mucin 1)基因的相对表达量显著或极显著增加(P＜0.05;P＜0.01);试验组盲肠黏膜HE和PAS染色镜检显示其肠腺深度、黏膜层厚度和肌层厚度以及杯状细胞的数量和密度均高于对照组。【结论】饲喂丁酸梭菌能够提高肉鸡盲肠黏膜的转运功能,增强抗氧化应激能力以及肠黏膜屏障功能,从而改善肠道健康和促进生长性能。

关键词: 肉鸡; 丁酸梭菌; 肠道黏膜; 转录组测序

Abstract: 【Objective】 Feeding with Clostridium butyricum(C. butyricum) in broilers can promote growth and improve feed conversion efficiency,but its mechanism remains unclear.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with C. butyricum on the cecal mucosa in broilers using transcriptome sequencing technology and histological staining,and provide experimental basis and theoretical support for the application of C. butyricum.【Method】 120 Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates each,and each replicate included 10 broilers.The broilers in control group were fed the basal diet,and in test group were fed basal diet supplemented with C. butyricum (1×10⁹ CFU/kg).The trial period was 28 days,with free food and water intake and drinking.1 broiler chicken was randomly selected from each replicate and sacrificed at 28 days of age,and the cecal mucosal sample was taken.RNA-Seq was applied to detect the transcriptomic characteristics of cecum mucosa tissue,and tissue staining was applied to analyze the changes of cecum mucosa.【Results】 123 differentially expressed genes were identified,of which 70 were up-regulated and 53 were down-regulated.Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis revealed that significant or extremely significant enrichment of functional genes were related to substance transport,cell viability and antioxidant (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the genes involved in pathway related to vitamin and amino acid metabolism,O-glycan biosynthesis and apelin signaling were the most abundant.Compared with control group,the relative expression of intestinal barrier function related proteins such as Claudin 2,Claudin 15,Claudin 19,Claudin 23,TJP 1,TJP 2,TJP 3 and Mucin 1 in cecal mucosa were significantly or extremely significant increased in test group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).HE and PAS staining microscopy of cecal mucosa showed that the depth of intestinal gland,thickness of mucosal layer and thickness of muscle layer,as well as the number and density of goblet cells in test group were significantly higher than those in control group.【Conclusion】 Feeding C.butyricum could improve the substance transport of cecum mucosa,enhance the antioxidant capacity and mucosal barrier function in broiler,thus improving intestinal health and promoting growth performance.

Key words: broiler; Clostridium butyricum; intestinal mucosa; transcriptome sequencing

中图分类号:

S816.7

孙向丽, 时子瑶, 李克克, 刘宇翾, 王若琳, 刘洋, 王彦彬. 饲喂丁酸梭菌对肉鸡盲肠黏膜形态和转录组的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(9): 3584-3593.

SUN Xiangli, SHI Ziyao, LI Keke, LIU Yuxuan, WANG Ruolin, LIU Yang, WANG Yanbin. Effect of Feeding Clostridium butyricum on the Morphology and Transcriptomics of Cecum Mucosa in Broilers[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(9): 3584-3593.

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