犬细小病毒VP2蛋白特点及病毒样颗粒疫苗制备研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.08.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 犬细小病毒病危害犬的健康,传统疫苗不能有效保护犬免受病毒的侵扰,寻求新的疫苗是当前研究和关注的热点。VP2蛋白是犬细小病毒(Canine parvovirus,CPV)的主要保护性抗原蛋白,在决定宿主范围和入侵过程中起重要作用。此外,VP2蛋白在N-端结构域和环结构域中含有几个重要的B细胞表位,可在CPV感染过程中诱导产生有效的中和抗体。因此,在开发CPV基因组亚单位疫苗中,VP2蛋白可作为候选抗原的首选。病毒样颗粒(VLPs)与天然病毒相似,但不具备天然病毒的复制功能引起机体发生感染,故近几年来利用不同的表达系统组装VP2蛋白一直是研究者们研究的重点。笔者着重对CPV VP2蛋白的特点及构象进行分析,通过特点分析得知CPV衣壳的主要成分中含有VP2,不但具有血凝活性,还与CPV的宿主范围和抗原性密切相关,因此,有活性的VP2蛋白在CPV基因工程亚单位疫苗的开发中极其重要。通过构象分析得知CPV VP2 蛋白环状结构(Flexible loop)具有更大的灵活性,这可能是 CPV 感染宿主范围不断扩大的分子基础。同时笔者对VLPs疫苗的制备方法及优缺点进行讨论,以期为CPV疫苗的研究制备提供有利的参考和科学依据。

关键词: 犬细小病毒(CPV); 病毒样颗粒(VLPs); 疫苗; VP2蛋白

Abstract: Canine parvovirus disease endangers the health of the dog,the traditional vaccine can’t effectively protect dogs from viruses,looking for a new vaccine is a hotspot of current research and attention.VP2 protein is the main protective antigenic protein of Canine parvovirus (CPV),which plays an important role in determining host range and invasion process.In addition,the VP2 protein contains several important B-cell epitopes in the N and ring domains that induce the production of effective neutralizing antibodies during CPV infection.Therefore,VP2 protein is considered as the first choice of candidate antigens in the development of CPV genomic subunit vaccines.Viral-like particles (VLPs) are similar to natural viruses,but they do not have the replication function of natural viruses to cause infection in the body.Therefore,in recent years,the assembly of VP2 proteins using different expression systems has been a focus in the study of the researchers.The author focuses on the analysis of the characteristics and conformation of CPV VP2 protein.Through the analysis of the characteristics,it is known that the main component of CPV capsid contains VP2,which not only has hemagglutination activity,but also is closely related to the host range and antigenicity of CPV.Therefore,active VP2 protein is extremely important in the development of CPV genetic engineering subunit vaccine.According to conformational analysis,it is found that the Flexible loop of CPV VP2 protein has greater flexibility,which may be the molecular basis for the continuous expansion of the host range of CPV infection.At the same time,the author discusses the preparation methods and advantages and disadvantages of VLPs vaccines,in order to provide favorable references and scientific basis for the research and preparation of CPV vaccines.

Key words: Canine parvovirus (CPV); virus-like particles (VLPs); vaccine; VP2 protein

中图分类号:

S852.65⁺5

杨媛茹, 焦雪, 宋维林, 刘许峰, 汪惠庆, 李月红. 犬细小病毒VP2蛋白特点及病毒样颗粒疫苗制备研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(8): 3286-3293.

YANG Yuanru, JIAO Xue, SONG Weilin, LIU Xufeng, WANG Huiqing, LI Yuehong. Research Progress on the Characterization of Canine Parvovirus VP2 Protein and Preparation of Virus-like Particles Vaccine[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(8): 3286-3293.

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