热应激对摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛血液生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】试验旨在探究热应激条件下摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛的血液生化指标变化规律。【方法】选取体况相近的健康摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛各11头。试验期划分为热应激期和非应激期, 并于各试验期分别进行4次采血, 每次间隔1周。测定血清激素浓度、抗氧化指标和离子浓度等生化指标。【结果】摩拉水牛热应激期血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及总胆固醇(CHOL)、丙二醛(MDA)、热休克蛋白70(HSP70)、钾离子(K⁺)、钠离子(Na⁺)、氯离子(Cl^-)含量均显著高于非应激期(P<0.05), 谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、皮质醇(CORT)、瘦素(LEP)、钙离子(Ca²⁺)含量均显著低于非应激期(P<0.05);尼里-拉菲水牛热应激期血清白蛋白(ALB)、CHOL水平及谷氨酰基转移酶(GGT)活性均显著高于非应激期(P<0.05), 球蛋白(GLOB)含量显著低于非应激期(P<0.05)。在热应激期, 摩拉水牛ALT活性及总蛋白(TP)、GLOB、CHOL、尿素氮(BUN)、甘油三酯(TG)含量均显著高于尼里-拉菲水牛(P<0.05), ALB、四碘甲腺原氨酸(T₄)、K⁺含量均显著低于尼里-拉菲水牛(P<0.05);在非应激期, 摩拉水牛ALT活性、BUN、TG、葡萄糖(GLU)含量及T-AOC均显著高于尼里-拉菲水牛(P<0.05)。【结论】热应激降低了摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛的内分泌激素水平和抗氧化能力并影响了机体电解质平衡, 尼里-拉菲水牛的免疫功能也有一定下降; 在热应激条件下, 摩拉水牛表现出更强的清除自由基能力, 尼里-拉菲水牛表现出更好的代谢、体温调节能力以及电解质代偿能力。

关键词: 摩拉水牛; 尼里-拉菲水牛; 热应激; 生化指标

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to explore the changes of blood biochemical indexes of Murrah and Nili-Ravi buffaloes under heat stress.【Method】 11 Murrah and 11 Nili-Ravi buffaloes with similar physical conditions and healthy physique were selected.The experimental period was divided into heat stress period and non stress period, and four blood samples were taken in each experimental period, with an interval of one week.The blood samples were measured for biochemical indexes such as serum hormone concentration, antioxidant index and ion concentration.【Result】 For Murrah buffalos, the activity/content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total cholesterol (CHOL), malondialdehyde (MDA), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), potassium ion (K⁺), sodium ion (Na⁺) and chloride ion (Cl^-) during heat stress were significantly higher than those in non stress period (P < 0.05), while the activity/content of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), cortisol (CORT), leptin (LEP), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and calcium ion (Ca²⁺) were significantly lower than those in non stress period (P < 0.05).For Nili-Ravi buffaloes, the content/activity of albumin (ALB), CHOL and glutamyltransferase (GGT) in the heat stress period were significantly higher than those in the non stress period (P < 0.05), and the content of globulin (GLOB) in the heat stress period was significantly lower than that in the non stress period (P < 0.05).In heat stress period, the activity/content of ALT, total protein (TP), GLOB, CHOL, urea nitrogen (BUN) and triglyceride (TG) in Murrah buffaloes were significantly higher than those in Nili-Ravi buffaloes (P < 0.05), and the contents of ALB, tetraiodothyronine (T₄) and K⁺ in Nili-Ravi buffaloes were significantly higher than those in Murrah buffaloes (P < 0.05).In non stress period, the contents of ALT, BUN, TG, glucose(GLU) and T-AOC of Murrah buffaloes were significantly higher than those of Nili-Ravi buffaloes (P < 0.05).【Conclusion】 Heat stress reduced the endocrine hormone level and antioxidant capacity of Murrah and Nili-Ravi Buffaloes, and affected the electrolyte balance of the body.The immune function of Nili-Ravi buffaloes also decreased to a certain extent.At the same time, Murrah buffaloes showed stronger ability to scavenge free radicals, and Nili-Ravi buffaloes showed better metabolism, thermoregulation and electrolyte compensation ability to deal with heat stress.

Key words: Murrah buffalo; Nili-Ravi buffalo; heat stress; biochemical indexes

中图分类号:

Q494

刘新勇, 谭正准, 李辉, 黄健, 罗华, 曾令湖, 程隽如, 钟华配, 杨春艳, 王晓丽, 覃广胜. 热应激对摩拉和尼里-拉菲水牛血液生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(2): 521-528.

LIU Xinyong, TAN Zhengzhun, LI Hui, HUANG Jian, LUO Hua, ZENG Linghu, CHENG Juanru, ZHONG Huapei, YANG Chunyan, WANG Xiaoli, QIN Guangsheng. Effects of Heat Stress on Blood Biochemical Indexes of Murrah and Nili-Ravi Buffaloes[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(2): 521-528.

参考文献

[1] RANJITKAR S, BU D, VAN WIJK M, et al. Will heat stress take its toll on milk production in China?[J]. Climatic Change, 2020, 161(4): 637-652.
[2] CHOUDHARY B B, SIROHI S. Sensitivity of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) to heat stress[J]. Journal of Dairy Research, 2019, 86(4): 399-405.
[3] DASH S, CHAKRAVARTY A K, SINGH A, et al. Effect of heat stress on reproductive performances of dairy cattle and buffaloes: A review[J]. Veterinary World, 2016, 9(3): 235-244.
[4] LAKHANI P, ALHUSSIEN M N, LAKHANI N, et al. Seasonal variation in physiological responses, stress and metabolic-related hormones, and oxidative status of Murrah buffaloes[J]. Biological Rhythm Research, 2018, 49(6): 844-852.
[5] LI M, HASSAN F, GUO Y, et al. Seasonal dynamics of physiological, oxidative and metabolic responses in non-lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes under hot and humid climate[J]. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2020, 7: 622.
[6] 徐明, 吴淑云, 黄常宝, 等. 呼和浩特地区牛舍内温湿度变化规律和奶牛冷热应激判定[J]. 家畜生态学报, 2015, 36(2): 54-60.
XU M, WU S Y, HUANG C B, et al. Cold or heat stress determination of barn cows on temperature and humidity index in Hohhot[J]. Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology, 2015, 36(2): 54-60. (in Chinese)
[7] BRSCIC M, COZZI G, LORA I, et al. Short communication: Reference limits for blood analytes in Holstein late-pregnant heifers and dry cows: Effects of parity, days relative to calving, and season[J]. Journal of Dairy Science, 2015, 98(11): 7886-7892.
[8] 胡国平. 广西北流等地奶水牛部分血液生化指标的调查[D]. 南宁: 广西大学, 2016.
HU G P. Investigation of some blood biochemical parameters of milking buffalo in Guangxi Beiliu and other places[D]. Nanning: Guangxi University, 2016. (in Chinese)
[9] 宋小珍, 付戴波, 瞿明仁, 等. 热应激对肉牛血清内分泌激素含量、抗氧化酶活性及生理生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2012, 24(12): 2485-2490.
SONG X Z, FU D B, QU M R, et al. Effects of heat stress on endocrine hormone content, antioxidant enzyme activity and physiological and serum biochemical indices of beef cattle[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012, 24(12): 2485-2490. (in Chinese)
[10] MINERVINO A, BARRETO R A, QUEIROZ G F, et al. Predictive values of aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase for the hepatic accumulation of copper in cattle and buffalo[J]. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2008, 20(6): 791-795.
[11] 弗雷萨. 默克兽医手册[M]. 7版. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 1997.
FRASER. The Merck Veterinary Manual[M]. 7th ed. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 1997. (in Chinese)
[12] ROITH D, BONDY C, YAKAR S, et al. The somatomedin hypothesis: 2001[J]. Endocrine Reviews, 2001, 22: 53-74.
[13] LEE C, SARNA S K. Central regulation of gastric emptying of solid nutrient meals by corticotropin releasing factor[J]. Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 1998, 9(4): 221-229.
[14] WANG P, LOH K H, WU M, et al. A leptin-BDNF pathway regulating sympathetic innervation of adipose tissue[J]. Nature, 2020, 583(7818): 839-844.
[15] 陈浩, 王纯洁, 斯木吉德, 等. 慢性热应激对放牧肉牛血液生化指标、抗氧化能力及免疫功能的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2021, 26(2): 61-69.
CHEN H, WANG C J, SI M J D, et al. Effects of chronic heat stress on blood biochemical index, immune function and antioxidant capacity of grazing beef cattle[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2021, 26(2): 61-69. (in Chinese)
[16] 廖迎新, 刘德武, 李耀坤, 等. 华南地区不同耐热性荷斯坦奶牛血液生化指标比较[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2018, 3: 108-111.
LIAO Y X, LIU D W, LI Y K, et al. Comparison of blood biochemical indexes of Holstein cows with different heat tolerance in South China[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2018, 3: 108-111. (in Chinese)
[17] 武思同, 敖日格乐, 王纯洁, 等. 慢性热应激期营养调控对放牧妊娠牛生殖激素含量、免疫功能及抗氧化能力的作用[J]. 动物营养学报, 2021, 33(3): 1545-1554.
WU S T, AO R G L, WANG C J, et al. Effects of nutritional regulation on reproductive hormone contents, immune function and antioxidant ability of grazing pregnant cattle during chronic heat stress period[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2021, 33(3): 1545-1554. (in Chinese)
[18] MAYAHI S, MAMOUEI M, TABATABAEI S, et al. Reproductive characteristics and thyroidal function in relation with season in Khuzestan buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) bulls[J]. Veterinary Research Forum, 2014, 5(3): 201-205.
[19] DIXIT N K, AGARWAL S P, AGARWAL V K, et al. Seasonal variation in serum levels of steroid hormones and their relation with seminal quality and libido in buffalo bulls[J]. Theriogenology, 1985, 24: 293-303.
[20] TANAKA K, JAY G, ISSEL BA CHER K J. Expression of heat-shock and glucose-regulated genes: Differential effects of glucose starvation and hypertonicity[J]. BBA-Gene Structure and Expression, 1988, 950(2): 138-146.
[21] MIN L, CHENG J B, SHI B L, et al. Effects of heat stress on serum insulin, adipokines, AMP-activated protein kinase, and heat shock signal molecules in dairy cows[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B, 2015, 16(6): 541-548.
[22] SHENHE L, JUN L, ZIPENG L, et al. Effect of season and breed on physiological and blood parameters in buffaloes[J]. Journal of Dairy Research, 2018, 85(2): 181-184.
[23] MANJARI R, YADAV M, RAMESH K, et al. HSP70 as a marker of heat and humidity stress in Tarai buffalo[J]. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 2015, 47(1): 111-116.
[24] 刘深贺. 水牛耐热性和抗热应激方法及耐热基因鉴定研究[D]. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2019.
LIU S H. Study on thermotolerance and heat stress resistant methodology as well as thermotolerant gene identification in buffalo[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong Agricultural University, 2019. (in Chinese)
[25] 王泽栋, 张林, 李烨青, 等. 持续热应激对荷斯坦牛和西荷杂交牛生理指标和机体代谢的影响[J]. 中国奶牛, 2019, 8: 9-15.
WANG Z D, ZHANG L, LI Y Q, et al. Effects of continuous heat stress on physiological indexes and organism metabolize of Holstein cattle and Simmental×Holstein crossbred cattle[J]. China Dairy Cattle, 2019, 8: 9-15. (in Chinese)
[26] 胡煜, 蔡明成, 王玲, 等. 热应激状态下牛血清生化指标, miRNA表达变化及其相关性分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2016, 47(9): 1840-1847.
HU Y, CAI M C, WANG L, et al. The serum biochemical indexes and miRNA expression in cattle under heat stress and their correlation analysis[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2016, 47(9): 1840-1847. (in Chinese)
[27] 黄德均, 向白菊, 高立芳, 等. 热应激对红安格斯牛、抗旱王牛及红抗杂交牛生理指标和血液生化指标的影响[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2019, 16: 35-39.
HUANG D J, XIANG B J, GAO L F, et al. The effect of heat stress on physiological and blood biochemical indexes of Red Angus cattle, Droughtmaster cattle and Red Angus×Droughtmaster hybrid cattle[J]. Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 16: 35-39. (in Chinese)