6月龄波尔山羊与麻城黑山羊血液指标、屠宰性能差异研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.04.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究6月龄波尔山羊与麻城黑山羊的血液生理生化指标、胴体性状、肌纤维直径、肌内脂肪含量的差异情况,以期为2个品种山羊的饲养管理、引种改良及杂交利用提供参考依据。【方法】分别选取8只3月龄±5 d、健康的波尔山羊与麻城黑山羊在统一条件下饲养3个月,饲养结束采集血液测定白细胞数(WBC)、红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞比容(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)等14项血液生理指标及肌酐(CRE)、总胆红素(TBIL)、尿素氮(BUN)、血糖(GLU)、总蛋白(TP)等14项血液生化指标;测定体重、体高、体斜长、胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积等12项胴体性状;屠宰后取背最长肌肌肉组织,切片后经苏木素伊红和改良油红O染色,分别检测肌纤维直径和肌内脂肪含量。【结果】血液生理指标中,波尔山羊的红细胞比容、平均红细胞体积均显著低于麻城黑山羊(P<0.05),平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度显著高于麻城黑山羊(P<0.05),其余指标均无显著性差异(P>0.05);血液生化指标中,波尔山羊的总蛋白、球蛋白、血磷含量与淀粉酶活性均极显著低于麻城黑山羊(P<0.01),钾离子含量极显著高于麻城黑山羊(P<0.01),其余指标均无显著性差异(P>0.05);胴体性状中,波尔山羊的体重、平均日增重、背最长肌重、股二头肌重和胴体重均显著高于麻城黑山羊(P<0.05),眼肌面积极显著大于麻城黑山羊(P<0.01),其余指标均无显著性差异(P>0.05);波尔山羊的肌纤维直径极显著大于麻城黑山羊(P<0.01),肌内脂肪含量显著高于麻城黑山羊(P<0.05)。【结论】波尔山羊与麻城黑山羊血液指标、屠宰性能均存在较大的差异,结果可为研究波尔山羊与麻城黑山羊的种质特征提供理论依据。

关键词: 波尔山羊; 麻城黑山羊; 生理生化指标; 胴体性状; 肌纤维; 肌内脂肪

Abstract: 【Objective】 The differences of blood physiological and biochemical indexes,carcass traits,muscle fiber diameter and intramuscular fat content were researched between Boer goats and Macheng Black goats at the age of 6 months,so as to provide basis and reference for the feeding management,introduction improvement and cross utilization of the two breeds of goats.【Method】 8 healthy Boer goats and Macheng Black goats aged 3 months±5 days were bred under uniform conditions for 3 months.After feeding,blood was collected to detect 14 blood physiological indexes including white blood cell count (WBC),red blood cell count (RBC),hemoglobin concentration (HGB),hematocrit (HCT),average red blood cell volume (MCV) and so on,14 blood biochemical indexes including creatinine (CRE),total bilirubin (TBIL),urea nitrogen (BUN),blood glucose (GLU),total protein (TP) and so on,and 12 carcass traits including body weight,body height,body oblique length,carcass weight,slaughter rate,eye muscle area and so on.After slaughtered,the longissimus dorsi muscle tissue was taken and sliced,the muscle fiber diameter and intramuscular fat content were detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining and modified oil red O staining.【Result】 Among the blood physiological indexes,the hematocrit and average erythrocyte volume of Boer goats were significantly lower than those of Macheng Black goats (P<0.05),and the average erythrocyte hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher than that of Macheng Black goats (P<0.05).In blood biochemical indexes,the contents of total protein,globulin,blood phosphorus and amylase activity of Boer goats were extremely significantly lower than those of Macheng Black goats (P<0.01),and the content of potassium ion was significantly higher than that of Macheng Black goats (P<0.01).In carcass traits,the body weight,average daily gain,longissimus dorsi muscle weight,biceps femoris muscle weight and carcass weight of Boer goats were significantly higher than those of Macheng Black goats (P<0.05),the eye muscle area was extremely significantly larger than that of Macheng Black goats (P<0.01),and there was no significant difference in other indexes (P>0.05).The muscle fiber diameter of Boer goats was extremely significantly larger than that of Macheng Black goats (P<0.01),the content of intramuscular fat was significantly higher than that of Macheng Black goats (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 There were great differences in blood indexes and slaughter performance of Boer goats and Macheng Black goats.The results could provide a theoretical basis for the germplasm characteristics of Boer goat and Macheng Black goat.

Key words: Boer goats; Macheng Black goats; physiological and biochemical indexes; carcass traits; muscle fiber; intramuscular fat

中图分类号:

S827

杨娟, 郭帅, 韩世昌, 张年, 张凤, 陶虎, 熊琪. 6月龄波尔山羊与麻城黑山羊血液指标、屠宰性能差异研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(4): 1332-1342.

YANG Juan, GUO Shuai, HAN Shichang, ZHANG Nian, ZHANG Feng, TAO Hu, XIONG Qi. Study on the Differences of Blood Indexes and Slaughter Performance Between 6-month-old Boer Goats and Macheng Black Goats[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(4): 1332-1342.

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