猪骨骼肌纤维类型和能量代谢相关基因的表达特性研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.04.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究马身猪、晋汾白猪和杜长大猪骨骼肌肌纤维类型和能量代谢相关基因的表达特性。【方法】选取6月龄马身猪、晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,屠宰后采集背最长肌和趾长伸肌,采用HE染色检测肌纤维的直径、密度和横截面积,通过实时荧光定量PCR分别检测Ⅰ型、Ⅱa型、Ⅱb型和Ⅱx型肌纤维的标记基因(MYH7、MYH2、MYH4和MYH1),线粒体活性相关基因(ATP5A1、PGC1-α和PPARβ),电子传递链活性相关基因(UQCRC2、SDHA、NDUFA9),以及糖酵解活性相关基因(LDHA、LDHB和GK)的表达量。【结果】马身猪背最长肌肌纤维直径和横截面积均显著低于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,而密度显著高于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪(P<0.05);马身猪和晋汾白猪趾长伸肌肌纤维直径和横截面积均显著低于杜长大猪,而密度显著高于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。马身猪背最长肌MYH7基因的表达量最高,晋汾白猪最低;马身猪和晋汾白猪趾长伸肌MYH7基因的表达量显著高于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。马身猪背最长肌和趾长伸肌MYH2基因的表达量显著高于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,晋汾白猪趾长伸肌MYH2基因的表达量显著高于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。马身猪背最长肌MYH4基因的表达量显著低于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,马身猪和晋汾白猪趾长伸肌MYH4基因的表达量显著低于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。马身猪背最长肌中ATP5A1和PGC1-α基因的表达量均显著低于晋汾白猪和杜长大猪,晋汾白猪PGC1-α和PPARβ基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪(P<0.05);马身猪和晋汾白猪趾长伸肌中ATP5A1、PGC1-α和PPARβ基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。晋汾白猪背最长肌中UQCRC2、SDHA和NDUFA9基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪和马身猪(P<0.05);晋汾白猪和马身猪趾长伸肌中UQCRC2、SDHA和NDUFA9基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪,马身猪UQCRC2和SDHA基因的表达量均显著低于晋汾白猪(P<0.05)。晋汾白猪和马身猪背最长肌和趾长伸肌中LDHA、LDHB和GK基因的表达量均显著低于杜长大猪(P<0.05)。【结论】马身猪骨骼肌肌纤维直径和横截面积都较小,Ⅰ型和Ⅱa型肌纤维标记基因的表达量较高;杜长大猪骨骼肌Ⅱb型肌纤维标记基因的表达量较高,氧化磷酸化和糖酵解相关基因的表达量均较高。

关键词: 猪; 肌纤维类型; 氧化磷酸化; 糖酵解

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study was to investigate the expression characteristics of myofiber types and energy metabolism related genes in Mashen pigs (MS),Jinfen White pigs (JFW) and Duroc×Landrace×Large (DLY) pigs.【Method】Six-month-old MS,JFW and DLY pigs were slaughtered,and the longissimus dorsi muscle (LD) and extensor digitorum longus muscle (EDL) were collected.HE staining was used to detect the diameter,density and cross-sectional area of myofiber.The expressions of Ⅰ,Ⅱa,Ⅱb and Ⅱx type myofiber marker genes (MYH7,MYH2,MYH4 and MYH1),mitochondrial activity related genes (ATP5A1,PGC1-α and PPARβ),electron transport chain related genes (UQCRC2,SDHA and NDUFA9) and glycolysis related genes (LDHA,LDHB and GK) were detected by Real-time quantitative PCR.【Result】 The diameter and cross-sectional area of longissimus dorsi muscle in MS pigs were significantly lower than those in JFW and DLY pigs,while the density was significantly higher than those in JFW and DLY pigs (P<0.05).The diameter and cross-sectional area of extensor digitorum longus muscle in MS and JFW pigs were significantly lower than those in DLY pigs,while the density was significantly higher than those in DLY pigs (P<0.05).The expression of MYH7 gene in longissimus dorsi muscle was the highest in MS pigs and the lowest in JFW pigs.The expression of MYH7 gene in extensor digitorum longus muscle of MS and JFW pigs were significantly higher than those of DLY pigs (P<0.05).The expression of MYH2 gene in longissimus dorsi muscle and extensor digitorum longus muscle of MS pigs were significantly higher than those of JFW and DLY pigs,and the expression of extensor digitorum longus muscle in JFW pigs was significantly higher than that in DLY pigs (P<0.05).The expression of MYH4 gene in longissimus dorsi muscle of MS pigs was significantly lower than those of JFW and DLY pigs,and the expression of extensor digitorum longus muscle in MS and JFW pigs were significantly lower than those in DLY pigs (P<0.05).The expression of ATP5A1 and PGC1-α genes in longissimus dorsi muscle of MS pigs were significantly lower than those of JFW and DLY pigs,and the expression of PGC1-α and PPARβ genes in JFW pigs were significantly lower than those in DLY pigs (P<0.05).The expression of ATP5A1,PGC1-α and PPARβ genes in extensor digitorum longus muscle of MS and JFW pigs were significantly lower than those of DLY pigs (P<0.05).The expression of UQCRC2,SDHA and NDUFA9 genes in longissimus dorsi muscle of JFW pigs were significantly lower than those of DLY and MS pigs (P<0.05).The expression of UQCRC2,SDHA and NDUFA9 genes in extensor digitorum longus muscle of JFW and MS pigs were significantly lower than those of DLY pigs,and the expression of UQCRC2 and SDHA genes in MS pigs were significantly lower than those in JFW pigs (P<0.05).The expression of LDHA,LDHB and GK genes in longissimus dorsi muscle and extensor digitorum longus muscle of JFW and MS pigs were significantly lower than those of DLY pigs (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 The diameter and cross-sectional area of skeletal muscle in MS pigs were smaller,and the expression of Ⅰ and Ⅱa myofiber marker genes was higher.The expression of Ⅱb myofiber marker gene,oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis related genes in DLY pigs was higher.

Key words: pigs; myofiber types; oxidative phosphorylation; glycolysis

中图分类号:

Q786

张燕伟, 蔡春波, 孙迪, 安家岐, 黄晓宇, 牛瑾, 崔子旭, 高鹏飞, 郭晓红, 李步高, 曹果清. 猪骨骼肌纤维类型和能量代谢相关基因的表达特性研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(4): 1223-1232.

ZHANG Yanwei, CAI Chunbo, SUN Di, AN Jiaqi, HUANG Xiaoyu, NIU Jin, CUI Zixu, GAO Pengfei, GUO Xiaohong, LI Bugao, CAO Guoqing. Study on Expression Characteristics of Myofiber Types and Energy Metabolism Related Genes in Pigs[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(4): 1223-1232.

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