植物精油和柠檬酸复合物对肉鸡肠道屏障功能及炎症反应的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.11.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验通过研究饲粮中添加不同水平植物精油和柠檬酸复合物对肉鸡肠道屏障功能、血清细胞因子含量和关键免疫蛋白基因表达的影响，旨在探索植物精油和柠檬酸复合物在肉鸡生产上的适宜添加剂量。选用1日龄健康科宝肉鸡1 344只，随机分为4组（每组12个重复，每个重复28只鸡），对照组饲喂基础饲粮，3个试验组（T1、T2、T3）分别饲喂添加0.8、1.0和1.5 kg/t的包被植物精油和柠檬酸复合物试验饲粮，试验期为42 d。试验结束当天，每个重复选取6只接近平均体重的肉鸡翅静脉采血，然后屠宰并取空肠、脾脏、肠系膜淋巴结（MLNs）。分别测定血清中D-乳酸（D-LA）、细胞因子的含量及二胺氧化酶（DAO）活性；并对空肠黏膜紧密连接蛋白以及脾脏和MLNs中Toll样受体（TLRs）的mRNA表达量进行测定。结果表明：与对照组相比，T2组肉鸡血清中D-LA含量和DAO活性均极显著降低（P<0.01）；T3组肉鸡血清中D-LA含量和DAO活性均显著降低（P<0.05）。T2和T3组肉鸡空肠封闭蛋白1（Claudin-1）的mRNA相对表达量均显著升高（P<0.05），T2组闭合小环蛋白1（ZO-1）的mRNA相对表达量显著升高（P<0.05）。T1组血清中IL-1β含量显著降低（P<0.05），MLNs中TLR4 mRNA表达量显著降低（P<0.05）；T2组血清中IL-1β含量极显著降低（P<0.01），IL-2含量显著提高（P<0.05），脾脏和MLNs中TLR4 mRNA相对表达量极显著或显著降低（P<0.01；P<0.05）；T3组血清中IL-1β含量极显著降低（P<0.01），TNF-α含量显著降低（P<0.05），IL-2含量显著升高（P<0.05），脾脏和MLNs中TLR4 mRNA相对表达量极显著降低（P<0.01）。与T1组相比，T2组血清中D-LA含量和DAO活性均显著降低（P<0.05），TNF-α含量显著降低（P<0.05）；T3组血清中IL-1β含量显著降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中添加植物精油和柠檬酸复合物能够提高肉鸡肠道紧密连接蛋白的表达，降低肠道通透性，下调促炎细胞因子的表达，进而增强肠道屏障功能，缓解机体炎症。根据本试验结果，推荐科宝肉鸡饲粮植物精油和柠檬酸复合物适宜添加量为1.0 kg/t。

关键词: 植物精油和柠檬酸复合物; 肉鸡; 肠道屏障; 炎症反应; 细胞因子

Abstract: The effects of adding different levels of plant essential oil-citric acid complex in the diet on the intestinal barrier function, serum cytokine content and key immune protein gene expression in broilers were studied in this experiment, in order to explore the appropriate additive dosage of the complex for broilers. A total of 1 344 one-day-old healthy broilers (Cobb) were divided into 4 groups with 12 replicates per group and 28 birds per replicate. Broilers in the control group were fed with basal diet, and those in the experimental groups (T1, T2, T3) were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.8, 1.0 and 1.5 kg/t plant essential oil-citric acid complex, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. On the ending of the test period, 6 broilers close to the average weight were selected for each repetition to collect blood and slaughtered. The jejunum, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were taken and the contents of D-lactic acid (D-LA), cytokine and activity of diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum were measured. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of tight junction protein in the jejunum mucosa and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in spleen and MLNs were measured. The results showed that:Compared with the control group, the contents of serum D-lactic and diamine oxidase(DAO) activity of broilers were extremely significantly decreased in T2 group (P<0.01) and significantly decreased in T3 group (P<0.05). The relative expression of Claudin-1 mRNA in broilers in both T2 and T3 groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the relative expression of ZO-1 mRNA in T2 group was increased significantly (P<0.05). The content of serum IL-1β was decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the relative expression level of TLR4 mRNA in MLNs was decreased significantly (P<0.05) of broilers in T1 group. The content of serum IL-1β was decreased extremely significantly (P<0.01), the content of serum IL-2 was increased significantly (P<0.05), and the relative expression level of TLR4 mRNA in spleen (P<0.01) and MLNs (P<0.05) were decreased of broilers in T2 group. The contents of serum IL-1β (P<0.01) and TNF-α (P<0.05) were decreased, and the relative expressions of TLR4 mRNA in spleen and MLNs was decreased extremely significantly (P<0.01) of broilers in T3 group. Compared with T1 group, the contents of serum D-lactic, DAO and TNF-α in T2 group were decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the content of serum IL-1β of broilers in T3 group was decreased significantly (P<0.05). In conclusion, adding plant essential oils-citric acid complex to broiler diets could increase the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, reduce intestinal permeability, and down-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby enhancing the intestinal barrier function and alleviating inflammation. Under the experimental conditions, the appropriate addition level of plant essential oil-citric acid complex was 1.0 kg/t.

Key words: plant essential oil-citric acid complex; broiler; intestinal barrier; inflammatory reaction; cytokine

中图分类号:

S816.7

魏庆, 魏朝阳, 王克玮, 武志伟, 乔家运, 李海花. 植物精油和柠檬酸复合物对肉鸡肠道屏障功能及炎症反应的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(11): 4014-4024.

WEI Qing, WEI Zhaoyang, WANG Kewei, WU Zhiwei, QIAO Jiayun, LI Haihua. Effects of Plant Essential Oil-Citric Acid Complex on Intestinal Barrier Function and Inflammatory Response of Broilers[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(11): 4014-4024.

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