益生菌对硬骨鱼肠道黏膜免疫影响的研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.12.040

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 益生菌在健康硬骨鱼肠道中不仅起到抑制致病微生物的作用，而且更重要的是，益生菌能够刺激和增强肠道黏膜免疫系统，在肠道免疫中起重要作用。近年来，硬骨鱼黏膜免疫因其多样性及其不明确的定义，已成为热门的研究课题。硬骨鱼与水生环境直接接触，使肠道黏膜表面易受各种病原体的侵袭。免疫调节是硬骨鱼中有效的预防性措施，而益生菌能够提高肠道黏膜表面固有的免疫活性细胞和因子，对病原体起颉颃作用。益生菌主要通过口服方式进入鱼体，而肠道作为其主要靶器官，对鱼体产生特异性免疫应答。因此，关于益生菌影响肠道黏膜免疫系统的研究值得关注。相比于哺乳动物，硬骨鱼具有更加弥散的肠淋巴系统。局部免疫应答所必需的免疫细胞大量存在于肠道黏膜中，并且可以在免疫后的鱼体肠道中监测到局部免疫应答。文章综述了近年来硬骨鱼肠道黏膜免疫系统以及益生菌对硬骨鱼肠道黏膜免疫的影响，并对鱼类益生菌的进一步研究进行了展望，以期为后续研究益生菌与硬骨鱼之间相互作用提供参考。

关键词: 硬骨鱼; 肠道黏膜免疫; 益生菌

Abstract: Probiotics play an important role in the intestinal tract of healthy teleost.They not only inhibit pathogenic microorganisms,but also stimulate and enhance the intestinal mucosal immune system and play an important role in intestinal immunity.In recent years,mucosal immunity of teleost has become a hot research topic because of its diversity and unclear definition.The direct contact between teleost and aquatic environment makes the surface of the intestinal tract to various pathogens.Immunoregulation is an effective preventive measure in teleost,and probiotics can enhance the intrinsic immunocompetent cells and factors on the surface of intestinal mucosa to play a role in the pathogen.Probiotics enter fish mainly by oral administration,and intestinal tract as its main target organ produces specific immune response to fish.Therefore,the study of probiotics affecting intestinal mucosal immune system deserves attention.Compared with mammals,teleosts have more diffuse intestinal lymphatic system.The immune cells necessary for the local immune response are abundant in the intestinal mucosa,and the local immune response can be monitored in the intestinal tract of the immunized fish.In this paper,the intestinal mucosal immune system of teleost and the effects of probiotics on intestinal mucosal immunity of teleost in recent years were reviewed,and the further research on probiotics of teleost was prospected,in order to provide reference for the follow-up study on the interaction between probiotics and teleost.

Key words: teleost; intestinal mucosal immunity; probiotics

中图分类号:

S942

陶锣涛, 康元环, 张蕾, 孙武文, 李影, 钱爱东, 单晓枫. 益生菌对硬骨鱼肠道黏膜免疫影响的研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(12): 3792-3798.

TAO Luotao, KANG Yuanhuan, ZHANG Lei, SUN Wuwen, LI Ying, QIAN Aidong, SHAN Xiaofeng. Research Progress of Probiotics on Intestinal Mucosal Immunity of Teleost[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(12): 3792-3798.

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