丙酸睾酮在肉鸡组织中残留及其对机体健康的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2017.11.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在探讨丙酸睾酮在肉鸡组织中的残留及其对肉鸡血清生化指标及睾丸生长发育的影响，为保障畜产品安全提供检测依据。选取初始体重为（2.2±0.1） kg的60日龄青脚麻公鸡160只，随机分为对照组与试验组，每组4个重复，每个重复20只。对照组饲喂基础日粮，试验组饲喂添加20 mg/kg丙酸睾酮的试验日粮，连续饲喂7 d，分别于休药期第2、6、11、17天每组选择8只鸡屠宰，采集鸡冠、肝脏、睾丸和肌肉等组织，用液相色谱-质谱联用仪（HPLC-MS/MS）检测丙酸睾酮残留量、睾酮含量；翅静脉采集血液样品，分离血清后用全自动生化分析仪测定血清生化指标的含量；采集睾丸样品，利用HE染色病理组织检查、甲苯胺蓝病理形态学镜检观测睾丸组织细胞形态、肥大细胞数等。结果显示，①血液中丙酸睾酮残留量最高，鸡冠中残留量次之，胸肌、腿肌、肝脏和睾丸中无残留；休药期长短对鸡冠中丙酸睾酮残留量无显著影响（P>0.05），休药17 d后血清丙酸睾酮含量极显著低于2、6和11 d （P<0.01），且休药期与鸡冠、血液中的丙酸睾酮残留量呈一元二次回归关系。②试验组睾丸中睾酮含量在休药2、6、11、17 d时较对照组分别降低了71.45%、63.46%、62.86%、73.61%（P<0.01）。③在休药2 d时，试验组睾丸相对重量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）；试验组肝脏相对重量与对照组无显著差异（P>0.05）。④肉鸡血清大部分指标（总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、白球比（A/G）、胆固醇（CHO）、甘油三酯（TG）及乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）酶）均无显著变化（P>0.05）。⑤丙酸睾酮对公鸡睾丸的影响较大，细胞失去了原有的椭圆形，生精细胞在管腔中排列紊乱。试验组脱颗粒数目、肥大细胞（MC）数分别比对照组多。综上所述，饲喂丙酸睾酮会导致公鸡睾丸萎缩，可通过血液和鸡冠取样检测到其残留量，这一结果可为保障畜产品安全提供检测依据。

关键词: 丙酸睾酮; 睾酮; 睾丸; 残留

Abstract:

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of testosterone propionate supplementation on tissues residue of broilers,and its residual effect on serum biochemical parameters,testicular growth and development of broiler chickens,to provide a basis for the protection of animal products safety. A total of 160 male 60-day-old broilers with (2.2±0.1)kg body weight were selected and assigned to control group and testosterone propionate supplementation group. The chicken in control group were fed basal diets while that in testosterone propionate supplementation group were fed diets supplemented with 20 mg/kg testosterone propionate for 7 d. The broilers was slaughtered at the day of 2,6,11 and 17 d after the testosterone propionate supplemented diets were ending. The crest,liver,testis and musle were collected to measure the testosterone propionate residues and testosterone concentration by lquid chromatograph mass spectrometer mass spectrometer (HPLC-MS/MS). The serum samples were collected from the veins to measure the serum biochemical profiles by automatic biochemical analyzer. Testis samples were collected to measure the testis cell morphology and mastocyte accounts by HE and toluidine blue staining. The results showed that:①The testosterone propionate concentration in serum was the highest,followed by the crest. However,there was no testosterone propionate residues in breast muscle,leg muscle,liver and testis. The testosterone propionate concentration in crest was not affected by the withdrawal time (P>0.05). The content of testosterone propionate at 17 d of the withdrawal time was extremely significantly lower than that of 2,6 and 11 d (P<0.01),and there was a regressive between the residues of testosterone propionate in the blood and crest and withdrawal time.②Compared with the control group,the concentration of propionate in testis at the withdrawal time of 2,6,11 and 17 d was reduced 71.45%,63.46%,62.86% and 73.61% (P<0.01),respectively.③The relative weight of testis was significantly lower at the withdrawal time of 2 d (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in liver relative weights among the two groups in all the withdrawal time (P>0.05).④Most of serum biochemical parameters (TP,ALB,A/G,CHO,TG,LDH,ALT and AST) were not significantly affected by testosterone propionate supplementation (P>0.05).⑤Testis lose the profiles, outed of the order of spermatogenic cells in tubes by testosterone propionate supplementation. Degranulation mass cell accounts,mast cells were higher than control group. In conclusion,the testosterone propionate could result in atrophy of the rooster testis,which could be detected by blood and crest samples,and the results could provide a basis for the study of livestock products safety.

Key words: testosterone propionate; testosterone; testis; residue

中图分类号:

S831.5

董艾青, 陈宇, 柏凡, 李云, 赵立军, 郭春华, 柏雪. 丙酸睾酮在肉鸡组织中残留及其对机体健康的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2017, 44(11): 3170-3178.

DONG Ai-qing, CHEN Yu, BAI Fan, LI Yun, ZHAO Li-jun, GUO Chun-hua, BAI Xue. Effects of Testosterone Propionate Residues on Broiler Tissue and Its Effect on Body Health[J]. , 2017, 44(11): 3170-3178.

参考文献

[1] 高旭东,黄鑫,郝宝成,等.动物源性食品中性激素残留的危害及检测方法[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015,11:274-277.
[2] 刘阿朋,查金苗,王子健,等.17α-甲基睾酮对稀有鮈鲫幼鱼性腺发育与血清卵黄蛋白原水平的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2006,1(3):254-258.
[3] 林健,何聆,林升清,等.脱氢表雄酮对大鼠的发育毒性[J].癌变·畸变·突变,2006,18(6):479-481.
[4] 邵磊,李昇刚,孙振平,等.丙酸睾酮注射液对大鼠的长期毒性[J].药学研究,2013,32(2):74-76.
[5] 国家药典委员会编.中华人民共和国药典[M].一部.北京:化学工业出版社,2005.
[6] 赫梅生.药物代谢动力学指导临床用药的十条规律[J].实用内科杂志,1985,8:31.
[7] Guarducci E,Nuti F,Becherini L,et al. Estrogen receptor α promoter polymorphism:Stronger estrogen action is coupled with lower sperm count[J].Human Reproduction,2006,21(4):994-1001.
[8] Bourguiba S,Chater S,Delalande C,et al. Regulation of aromatase gene expression in purified germ cells of adult male rats:Effects of transforming growth factor β,tumor necrosis factor α,and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monosphosphate[J]. Biology of Reproduction,2003,69(2):592-601.
[9] Hatef A,Alavi S M H,Abdulfatah A,et al. Adverse effects of bisphenol A on reproductive physiology in male goldfish at environmentally relevant concentrations[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2012,76(2):56-62.
[10] 高峰,房兴堂,顾斐翠.三合激素、甲睾酮对雏鸡鸡冠及内脏器官发育的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,4:296-298.
[11] 黄美奎.蛋白同化激素Силаболин[J].国外医药——合成药、生化药、制剂分册,1987,5(2):108-110.
[12] 吕国枫,林华,张洪祥.丙酸睾丸酮对大白鼠胸腺超微结构的影响[J].中国运动医学杂志,1994,4:21
[13] 高峰,房兴堂,沙向丽.苯丙酸诺龙、丙酸睾丸酮对雏鸡鸡冠及内脏器官发育的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015,12:80-82.
[14] Alexandersen P,Haarbo J,Byrjalsen I,et al. Natural androgens inhibit male atherosclerosis[J].Circulation Research,1999,84(7):813-819.
[15] 付海霞.冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂与炎症[J].医学综述,2001,7(3):142-143.
[16] 吕锦芳,姜锦鹏,宁康健,等.脱氢表雄酮对雄性小鼠睾丸组织发育的毒性作用[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2013, 34(12):27-30.
[17] 付海霞,蒋锡嘉,许家琍,等.内源性睾酮对损伤的血管内皮细胞功能和结构的影响[J].中国介入心脏病学杂志,2004,12(1):48-50.
[18] 姚红艳,高登慧,欧德渊,等.不同外源性激素对雄性牛蛙睾丸中肥大细胞的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2010,8:157-158.
[19] 姚红艳.几种生殖激素与牛蛙生殖器官肥大细胞数量相关性研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2004.
[20] 赵清.邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和苯并(a)芘对Leydig细胞激素合成的影响及机制研究[D].重庆:第三军医大学,2009.