甘露寡糖添加方式对哺乳期犊牛生长性能、粪便菌群及血清免疫指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.11.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验旨在研究甘露寡糖的不同添加方式对哺乳期犊牛生长性能、粪便菌群及血清免疫指标的影响。试验选用日龄、体重相近，健康状况良好的新生荷斯坦公犊牛20头，随机分为4组，每组5个重复。Ⅰ组（对照组）不添加甘露寡糖；Ⅱ组在牛奶中添加5 g甘露寡糖；Ⅲ组在开食料中添加5 g甘露寡糖；Ⅳ组在牛奶和开食料中各添加2.5 g甘露寡糖。试验期56 d。结果表明：①在整个试验周期内，犊牛体长与体躯指数的组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。②整个试验周期内，各试验组犊牛平均干物质日采食量、平均日增重均高于Ⅰ组；各试验组料重比均低于Ⅰ组；且Ⅱ组试验效果优于其他两个试验组。③试验第21天时，各试验组犊牛粪便中双歧杆菌数均显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），且Ⅱ组显著高于其他两个试验组（P<0.05）；各试验组粪便中大肠杆菌数均显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），且以Ⅱ组为最低。试验第56天时，各试验组粪便双歧杆菌数均高于Ⅰ组，各试验组粪便中大肠杆菌数均低于Ⅰ组（P>0.05），且Ⅱ组大肠杆菌数最低。④试验第21天时，Ⅱ组血清中IgA浓度显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清中IgA浓度略高于Ⅰ组（P>0.05）；IgG变化规律与IgA相似；Ⅳ组血清中IgM浓度显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ组在数值上略低于Ⅰ组（P>0.05）。试验第56天时，各试验组血清中免疫球蛋白含量均高于Ⅰ组（P>0.05）。综上所述，在犊牛饮用奶中添加甘露寡糖对于提高动物的生长性能及机体的抵抗力的效果优于其他两种方案。

关键词: 甘露寡糖; 犊牛; 生长性能; 粪便微生物; 血清免疫

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of mannan oligosaccharides with different adding schemes on growth performance, fecal microorganism and serum immune indexes of calves.Twenty newborn Holstein calves were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group.The claves in group Ⅰ（control group）were not fed the mannan oligosaccharide.The calves in group Ⅱ were fed 5 g mannan oligosaccharide added into the milk,and that of group Ⅲ were fed 5 g mannan oligosaccharide added into the starter diet while calves of group Ⅳ were fed 2.5 g mannan oligosaccharide added into the milk and the starter diet,respectively.The feeding trial lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:①During the whole experiment period,body length an body structure of calves had no significant difference between the groups（P>0.05).②During the whole experiment period,the average daily dry matter intake（ADMI）and average daily gain（ADG）in the experiment groups was higher than the control group,the F/G was lower than the control group,and group Ⅱ was the best of the three experiment groups.③On 21th day,the number of Bifidobacterium in feces of the calves in the group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in other groups（P<0.05),and that of group Ⅱ was the highest;The number of E.coli in feces of the calves in the group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in other groups（P<0.05),and the group Ⅱ was the lowest.On 56th day,the number of Bifidobacterium of experimental groups were higher than that of control group.The change of E.coli number of four groups were as the same as 21th day.④On 21th day,the serum IgA content of experimental groups were higher than group Ⅰ,and that of group Ⅱ were significantly increased（P<0.05);IgG had a similar change with the IgA;The serum IgM content of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than group Ⅰ（P<0.05), while that of group Ⅲ was lower than control group;On 56th day,the serum immune indexes of experimental groups were all higher than control group（P>0.05).In conclusion,adding mannan oligosaccharides could promote calf growth performance,gut health and immunity,while adding mannan oligosaccharide to milk had better effects.

Key words: mannan oligosaccharide; calves; growth performance; fecal microorganism; serum immune indexes

中图分类号:

S823

金亚东, 张力莉, 陈绍淑, 徐晓锋. 甘露寡糖添加方式对哺乳期犊牛生长性能、粪便菌群及血清免疫指标的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2016, 43(11): 2922-2930.

JIN Ya-dong, ZHANG Li-li, CHEN Shao-shu, XU Xiao-feng. Effect of Different Addition Schemes of Mannan Oligosaccharide on Growth Performance, Fecal Microorganism and Serum Immune Indexes of Calves[J]. , 2016, 43(11): 2922-2930.

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