红曲合生元、酵母硒锗及其组合对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.09.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究红曲合生元、酵母硒锗及其组合替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。试验选用80头平均日龄（28±1）d，平均体重（7.57±0.49）kg，生长健康的三元杂交断奶仔猪，随机分为4个处理组，每组5个重复，每个重复4头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮+25 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素和45 mg/kg金霉素，1、2、3组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%红曲合生元、0.5%红曲合生元酵母硒锗复合制剂、0.5%酵母硒锗制剂。正式试验42 d，分3个阶段（1~14、15~28、29~42 d）。结果显示：①与对照组相比，1、2组各阶段平均日增重（ADG）均显著或极显著升高（P<0.05；P<0.01），各试验组29~42 d的料重比（F/G）显著降低（P<0.05）。各试验组仔猪末重与对照组差异极显著或显著（P<0.01；P<0.05）。②与对照组相比，试验1~7 d，1组腹泻率（DR）和腹泻指数（DI）显著降低（P<0.05）；综合试验全期，1组DR、DI及2组DR均显著降低（P<0.05）。与3组相比，1、2组DI指标极显著或显著降低（P<0.01；P<0.05）。③与对照组相比，试验1~28 d，1、2组粗蛋白质（CP）和粗脂肪（EE）表观消化率显著或极显著提高（P<0.05；P<0.01）；试验29~42 d，各试验组干物质（DM）、CP和EE表观消化率显著或极显著提高（P<0.05；P<0.01），1、2组总磷（TP）消化率均呈显著提高（P<0.05）。④与对照组相比，试验组血清生长激素（GH）、胰岛素生长因子-1（IGF-1）含量均显著或极显著升高（P<0.05；P<0.01），血清生长抑素（GHRIH）含量显著或极显著下降（P<0.05；P<0.01）；其中，2组血清IGF-1含量较1、3组相比显著升高（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，1、2组血清皮质醇（COR）含量均呈显著升高（P<0.05）。综上所述，与抗生素相比，0.5%红曲合生元酵母硒锗复合制剂可预防断奶仔猪腹泻，同时有效地促进断奶仔猪生长发育；该复合制剂可替代日粮中25 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素和45 mg/kg金霉素。

关键词: 红曲合生元; 抗生素; 酵母硒锗; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能

Abstract: This experiment was aimed to study the effects of Monascus synbiotic,yeast-selenium-germanium culture and their compound preparation instead of antibiotics on growth performance of weaned piglets.Eighty healthy piglets (7.57 kg±0.49 kg) with (28±1) d were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 4 piglets per replicate.The pigs in control group were fed basal diet with 25 mg/kg colistin sulfate and 45 mg/kg chlortetracycline.The diets of groups 1,2 and 3 were added with 0.5% Monascus synbiotics,0.25% Monascus synbiotics+0.25% yeast-selenium-germanium culture and 0.5% yeast-selenium-germanium culture.The test period was 42 d,which was divided into 3 stages,14 days per stage (1-14,15-28,29-42 d).The results showed that:①Compared with the control group,in all stages of the experiment,the ADG of the groups 1 and 2 were significant or extremely significant increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).At 29-42 d,the F/G of all the experimental groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the final weight of piglets in the experimental groups had extremely significant or significant increased (P<0.01;P<0.05).②Compared with the control group,the diarrhea rate (DR) and diarrhea index (DI) of the group 1 were significantly decreased (P<0.05) on the 1-7 d of the experiment.In the whole trial period,compared with the control group,the DR and DI of the group 1 and the DR of the group 2 were significantly lower (P<0.05).Compared with the group 3,the DI of the group 1 and 2 showed an extremely significant or significant decrease (P<0.01;P<0.05).③Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of CP and EE of the groups 1 and 2 were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01) at the 1-28 d of the experiment.Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of DM,CP and EE of all the experimental groups were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01),and the apparent digestibility of P of the groups 1 and 2 were significantly increased (P<0.05) on the 29-42 d of the experiment.④Compared with the control group,the serum GH and IGF-1 levels of all the experimental groups were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01),and the serum GHRIH of all the experimental groups was significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P<0.05;P<0.01).Among them,the serum IGF-1 level of the group 2 was significantly higher than that in the groups 1 and 3 (P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the serum COR levels of the groups 1 and 2 were significantly increased (P<0.05).In summary,compared with antibiotics,0.5% compound preparation of Monascus synbiotic and yeast-selenium-germanium culture could effectively prevent diarrhea in weaned piglets and improve the growth of weaned piglets.The 0.5% Compound Preparation of Monascus synbiotic and yeast-selenium-germanium culture could replace 25 mg/kg colistin sulfate and 45 mg/kg aureomycin in diet under this experiment.

Key words: Monascus ynbiotics; antibiotics; yeast-selenium-germanium culture; weaned piglets; growth performance

中图分类号:

S816.7

高凯, 菅芯蕊, 耿春银, 张敏. 红曲合生元、酵母硒锗及其组合对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(9): 2583-2591.

GAO Kai, JIAN Xinrui, GENG Chunyin, ZHANG Min. Effect of Monascus Synbiotic,Yeast-Selenium-Germanium Culture and Their Compound Preparation on Growth Performance,Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemistry of Weaned Piglets[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(9): 2583-2591.

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