冀北寒区秋冬季节荷斯坦奶牛产奶性能及血液常规指标的变化规律研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.04.036

Abstract

Abstract: The purpose of the experiment was to explore the blood routine indexes of the dairy cows which were sensitive to climate change,provide the relevant data support and scientific basis for the research of low temperature stress of Holstein dairy cows,and provide the theoretical basis for the breeding and management for winter,and the selection of cold stress-resistant individuals in the area.In this study,the healthy Holstein lactating cows in a large-scale dairy farm in Weichang county,Chengde,Hebei province were taken as the research objects.The temperature and humidity index (THI) in autumn (October 24,2018 to October 30,2018),early winter (December 4,2018 to December 10,2018) and deep winter (December 25,2018 to December 31,2018) were monitored continuously.The blood samples of 15 Holstein dairy cows were collected for the measure of 9 blood routine indexes,and 8 milk production performance data of the experimental cows were collected.The changes of milk production performance and blood routine indexes of Holstein dairy cows at different time were analyzed,and the sensitive blood routine indexes of climate change were screened.The results showed that,in autumn,the average temperature of cowshed was 8.0 ℃,and the average THI was 49.38,indicating that the experimental cattle were in non-low temperature stress state in this period.In early winter,the average temperature of cowshed was -6.4 ℃,and the average THI was 23.56.In 168 h monitoring period,there was 92 h of 8≤THI < 25,76 h of 25≤THI < 39,the experimental cows were in moderate low temperature stress state in most time of this period.In the late winter,the average temperature of the cowshed was -7.59 ℃,the average THI was 21.86,and there was 43 h of 25≤THI < 39,117 h of 8≤THI < 25.The experimental cows were also in the state of moderate low temperature stress at most time of this period.With the decrease of temperature,rectal temperature and respiratory rate decreased significantly (P < 0.05).RBC,WBC,PLT,PCT,HGB,HCT,LY and MO increased significantly or extremely significantly in winter (P < 0.05;P < 0.01).Except HCT and WBC,the other indexes had no significant difference between early winter and deep winter (P > 0.05).MCV did not change significantly in different seasons (P > 0.05).Compared with autumn,the AMY decreased by 0.71 and 1.17 kg/d in early and deep winter,respectively (P < 0.01).FP,PP and F/P decreased significantly or extremely significantly in early winter (P < 0.05;P<0.01),and increased to autumn level in late winter (P > 0.05).SP decreased in early winter and increased in late winter significantly (P < 0.05);SCC in early winter and late winter were 1.84×10⁵ and 1.63×10⁵/mL higher than that in autumn (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in LP and acidity among different periods (P > 0.05).In conclusion,the Holstein dairy cows were in non-stress state in autumn,were in moderate low temperature stress state in early and late winter,and the physiological indexes and milk production performance of cows were seriously affected by the climate.RBC,WBC,LY and MO were more sensitive blood routine indexes affected by climate.

Key words: Holstein dairy cows; cold stress; milk production traits; routine blood indicators

CLC Number:

Q494

WANG Yanan, FENG Man, ZHOU Yinghao, MAO Sen, QIU Dianrui, GUO Jianjun, LI Suxia, WANG Hongbin. Study on the Change Law of Milk Production Traits and Routine Blood Indicators of Holstein Dairy Cows in the North of Hebei Province in Autumn and Winter[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(4): 1282-1288.

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Study on the Change Law of Milk Production Traits and Routine Blood Indicators of Holstein Dairy Cows in the North of Hebei Province in Autumn and Winter

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