荷斯坦奶牛牛嘴宽度影响因素分析及遗传参数估计

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.01.023

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to reveal the population characteristics, and estimate the genetic parameters of muzzle width in Chinese Holstein dairy cows.【Method】 The muzzle width, rump height, body height, body length and chest girth of 628 Holstein dairy cows was measured in two dairy farms from July 2021 to August 2021.The body weight was estimated by body length and chest girth.SPSS 26.0 software was employed to analyze the impacts of herd, month and lactation stage on muzzle width, and obtain the correlation coefficient between muzzle width and body size traits.The variance components of muzzle width were estimated using single-trait animal model based on DMU software, and its heritability was calculated.【Result】 The muzzle width of Holstein dairy cows was 17.28 cm with a small variation (variation coefficient of 5%).Herd and month had extremely significant effect on muzzle width (P<0.01), lactation stage had significant effect on muzzle width (P<0.05), and muzzle width increased with the increase of month.Muzzle width in early lactation was significantly smaller than that in other lactation stages (P<0.05).The extremely significant and positive correlations between muzzle width and body size traits were found in Holstein dairy cows (P<0.01).The estimated heritability of muzzle width in Holstein dairy cows was 0.28, which was a moderate to high heritability trait.【Conclusion】 The herd and month had an extremely significant effect on muzzle width, and the lactation stage had a significant effect.The muzzle width was weakly correlated with rump height.The muzzle width was a body size trait with moderate to high heritability in Holstein dairy cows.

Key words: Holstein dairy cows; muzzle width; body size trait; genetic parameter

CLC Number:

S823.2

FU Qi, YU Houmo, ZHANG Hailiang, XU Jingyi, HU Yuyang, DUAN Yujiao, ZHOU Yueling, HUANG Siqi, ZHANG Yayi, GUO Gang, YU Ying, WANG Yachun. Influencing Factors Analysis and Genetic Parameters Estimation of Muzzle Width in Holstein Dairy Cows[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(1): 230-237.

References

[1] 刘松柏, 易建明, 晏邦富, 等.中国荷斯坦奶牛乳房性状、体型总分与产奶性状的相关分析[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2010, 46(21):5-8. LIU S B, YI J M, YAN B F, et al.Correlations analysis among udder traits, final score and milk production traits in Chinese Holstein dairy cows[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 46(21):5-8.(in Chinese)
[2] 王秀清, 陈玲, 庞其艳, 等.荷斯坦奶牛体型外貌鉴定及产奶性状的分析[J].中国奶牛, 2010, 12:38-39. WANG X Q, CHEN L, PANG Q Y, et al.Analysis of body conformation and milk production traits in Holstein cattle[J].China Dairy Cattle, 2010, 12:38-39.(in Chinese)
[3] 张希明, 秦春华, 梁彩云, 等.宁夏荷斯坦奶牛体型外貌线性评定分析[J].中国奶牛, 2013, 7:58-60. ZHANG X M, QIN C H, LIANG C Y, et al.Analysis of body conformation linear assessment of Holstein cattle in Ningxia[J].China Dairy Cattle, 2013, 7:58-60.(in Chinese)
[4] HAILE-MARIAM M, GONZALEZ-RECIO O, PRYCE J E, et al.Prediction of liveweight of cows from type traits and its relationship with production and fitness traits[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2014, 97(5):3173-3189.
[5] 李建明, 施丽, 于进永, 等.美国荷斯坦协会TPI计算公式最新解读[J].今日畜牧兽医, 2017, 12:3. LI J M, SHI L, YU J Y, et al.The latest interpretation of total performance index published by Holstein association USA[J].Today Animay Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2017, 12:3.(in Chinese)
[6] PARK N H, BISHOP M D, DAVIS M E.Divergent selection for postweaning feed conversion in Angus beef cattle:Ⅲ.Linear body measurements of progeny[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 1993, 71(2):334-340.
[7] PARK N H, BISHOP M D, DAVIS M E.Divergent selection for postweaning feed conversion in Angus beef cattle:Ⅳ.Phenotypic correlations between body measurements and feed conversion[J].Journal of Animal Science, 1994, 7(3):435-440.
[8] PARK N H, BISHOP M D, DAVIS M E.Divergent selection for postweaning feed conversion in Angus beef cattle:Ⅴ.Prediction of feed conversion using weights and linear body measurements[J].Journal of Animal Science, 1994, 7(3):441-448.
[9] DHILLOD S, KAR D, PATIL C S, et al.Study of the dairy characters of lactating Murrah buffaloes on the basis of body parts measurements[J].Veterinary World, 2017, 10(1):17-21.
[10] HAILE-MARIAM M, BOWMAN P J, GODDARD M E.Genetic parameters of fertility traits and their correlation with production, type, workability, liveweight, survival index, and cell count[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 2004, 55(1):77-87.
[11] CHRISTINE M J, DAVID E.Correlation of relative muzzle width and relative incisor width with dietary preference in ungulates[J].Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 1988, 92(3):267-284.
[12] PETER J, VAN S.Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant[M].2nd ed.New York:Cornell University Press, 2018.
[13] HOLLO G, NAGY-KISZLINGER H, TOSSENBERGER J, et al.Individual feed efficiency monitoring of Charolaise candidate young bulls in relation to feeding behavior and self-performance test results[J].Animals, 2021, 12(1):35.
[14] 刘建明, 杨光维, 李涛, 等.应用约翰逊法估测美新杂交褐牛体重[J].中国牛业科学, 2019, 45(6):23-25. LIU J M, YANG G W, LI T, et al.Estimation of the body weight of Mei-xin Hybrid Brown cattle by Johnson method[J].China Cattle Science, 2019, 45(6):23-25.(in Chinese)
[15] 杨桐桐, 陈紫薇, 张海亮, 等.生理阶段对健康中国荷斯坦泌乳牛血常规指标影响的研究[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2021, 23:18-24. YANG T T, CHEN Z W, ZHANG H L, et al.Study on effects of physiological stages on blood routine indexes in healthy Holstein cattle[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 23:18-24.(in Chinese)
[16] 刘丽元, 臧长江, 周靖航, 等.新疆昌吉地区荷斯坦奶牛生长发育规律分析[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2015, 42(8):2036-2041. LIU L Y, ZANG C J, ZHOU J H, et al.Analysis on growth and development pattern of Holstein cows in Changji area of Xinjiang[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2015, 42(8):2036-2041.(in Chinese)
[17] 张浩, 黄锡霞, 热西提·阿布都热依木, 等.伊犁地区荷斯坦奶牛体尺体重及外貌评分对产奶量的影响[J].新疆农业科学, 2010, 47(12):2447-2451. ZHANG H, HUANG X X, REXITI A, et al.Influence of conformation weight and appearance of Holstein cows on milk yield in Ili area[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 47(12):2447-2451.(in Chinese)
[18] 杨光维, 李涛, 刘建明, 等.非遗传因素对新疆褐牛体尺性状的影响[J].畜牧与兽医, 2020, 52(1):11-15. YANG G W, LI T, LIU J M, et al.The effect of non-genetic factors on the body size of Xinjiang Brown cattle[J].Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 52(1):11-15.(in Chinese)
[19] 张培大, 魏趁, 热西提·阿不都热依木, 等.新疆地区不同规模牛场、年龄对荷斯坦奶牛体尺体重的影响[J].中国奶牛, 2018, 6:22-25. ZHANG P D, WEI C, REXITI A, et al.Effects of scale cattle farm and age factors on body size and body weight traits in Xinjiang Holstein cows[J].China Dairy Cattle, 2018, 6:22-25.(in Chinese)
[20] 王丹, 范守民, 周靖航, 等.新疆褐牛体尺与9分制体型线性评定方法分析[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2021, 57(5):70-76. WANG D, FAN S M, ZHOU J H, et al.Study on body size and 9-point system linear evaluation method of Xinjiang Brown cattle[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2021, 57(5):70-76.(in Chinese)
[21] 麻柱, 李艳华.奶牛生长性状研究进展与展望[J].中国奶牛, 2020, 2:34-37. MA Z, LI Y H.Research progress and prospects of growth trait in dairy cattle[J].China Dairy Cattle, 2020, 2:34-37.(in Chinese)
[22] 邹木兰, 熊加平, 章天骐, 等.武汉市黑白花奶牛主要数量性状遗传参数的估测[J].华中农学院学报, 1985, 4:63-70. ZOU M L, XIONG J P, ZHANG T Q, et al.The estimation of genetic parameters for major milk production traits of Black and White cows in Wuhan[J].Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University, 1985, 4:63-70.(in Chinese)
[23] 周桂珍, 魏趁, 张晓雪, 等.用DMU软件估计西门塔尔母牛主要经济性状的遗传参数[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2018, 54(6):43-46. ZHOU G Z, WEI C, ZHANG X X, et al, Estimation of genetic parameters of main economic characters of Simmental cattle by DMU software[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2018, 54(6):43-46.(in Chinese)
[24] 张智慧, 李伟, 韩永胜.牛体尺影响因素及其应用[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2018, 54(1):9-13. ZHANG Z H, LI W, HAN Y S.Influence factors and applications for body size of cattle[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2018, 54(1):9-13.(in Chinese)
[25] OLIVEIRA-JUNIOR G A, SCHENKEL F S, ALCANTARAL L, et al.Estimated genetic parameters for all genetically evaluated traits in Canadian Holsteins[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 2021, 104(8):9002-9015.
[26] 彭朋, 李建明, 蒋桂娥, 等.河北省中国荷斯坦奶牛产奶和体型性状遗传参数分析[J].畜牧兽医学报, 2021, 52(1):42-51. PENG P, LI J M, JIANG G E, et al.Parameters analysis for milk production and type traits in Chinese Holstein in Hebei[J].ActaVeterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2021, 52(1):42-51.(in Chinese)

Influencing Factors Analysis and Genetic Parameters Estimation of Muzzle Width in Holstein Dairy Cows

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	TAN Yuancheng, LUO Hualun, ZHANG Yiyu, YANG Suan, WANG Yingtong, WANG Chunyuan. Polymorphism of MyoG Gene and Its Association with Body Size and Meat Traits in White Feather King Pigeons [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(4): 1461-1471.
[2]	CHAI Zhixin, WU Zhijuan, WANG Jikun, ZHANG Chengfu, ZHONG Jincheng, XIN Jinwei. Polymorphisms of CTGF and Gprin3 Genes and Their Association with Body Size Traits in Yaks [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(6): 2216-2227.
[3]	SANG Qiangqiang, SUN Yunxiao, LIU Ying, HOU Zhuocheng. Estimation of Heritability and Genetic Parameters of Related Traits in Striped Duck Eggs [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(3): 830-836.
[4]	JIANG Hongzheng, YANG Dezhi, MA Zhonghua, XUN Wenjuan, SHI Liguang, HOU Guanyu. Genome-wide Association Study of Body Size Traits in Danzhou Chickens [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(2): 598-607.
[5]	LI Huihui, GAO Xuefeng, XU Ke, ZHAO Baokai, WANG Ying, SHI Lijun, WANG Lixian. Influencing Factors Analysis and Genetic Parameters Estimation of Gestational Length in Yorkshire Sows [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(11): 4261-4269.
[6]	MA Longgang, AN Tao, ZHANG Hailiang, ZHU Lei, WANG Lei, NING Jingyang, WANG Yan, GUO Gang, HUANG Xixia, WANG Yachun. Analysis of Population Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Rest Time in Holstein Dairy Cows [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(9): 3323-3331.
[7]	WANG Huan, ZHU Huabin, LI Junliang, ZOU Huiying, ZHAO Shanjiang. Targeted Editing of Hornless Pc Site in Holstein Bulls Using Tild-CRISPR/Cas9 [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(9): 3343-3353.
[8]	SONG Zhen, ZHAO Shanjiang, LI Laibao, XU Huitao, ZHU Huabin. Impact Factors and Its Research Progress of Calving Interval in Holstein Dairy Cows [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(3): 982-990.
[9]	CHEN Linghui, ZHANG Wenting, SHEN Xiang, ZHANG Wei, GUO Liya, ZHANG Zijing, XU Ping, BAI Yueyu, ZHANG Xiaojian. Cloning, Bioinformatics and Expression Analysis of CCR5 Gene in Chinese Holstein Dairy Cows [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(12): 4372-4381.
[10]	LI Xiaokai, FAN Yixing, QIAO Xian, ZHANG Lei, WANG Fenghong, WANG Zhiying, WANG Ruijun, ZHANG Yanjun, LIU Zhihong, WANG Zhixin, HE Libing, LI Jinquan, SU Rui, ZHANG Jiaxin. Research Progress on Diversity of Hair-coat Types in Cashmere goats [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(4): 1130-1139.
[11]	WANG Yanan, FENG Man, ZHOU Yinghao, MAO Sen, QIU Dianrui, GUO Jianjun, LI Suxia, WANG Hongbin. Study on the Change Law of Milk Production Traits and Routine Blood Indicators of Holstein Dairy Cows in the North of Hebei Province in Autumn and Winter [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(4): 1282-1288.
[12]	CHEN Shaokan, LUO Hanpeng, ZHANG Guoxing, QIU Wenqing, DONG Yixin, WANG Yan, HUANG Xixia, WANG Yachun. Analysis of Differences in Hindgut Microbiota of Holstein Dairy Cows During Heat Stress [J]. , 2019, 46(8): 2273-2280.
[13]	YOU Zhenchen, WANG Xihu, GE Jianjun, ZHAO Fanfan, XU Lei, WANG Dan, ZHANG Menghua, ZHANG Xiaoxue, JIANG Hui, HUANG Xixia. Effect of Udder and Leg Cleanliness on Somatic Cell Count in Holstein Dairy Cows [J]. , 2019, 46(8): 2390-2396.
[14]	LUO Hanpeng, LI Yuantao, LIU Jiali, XU Wei, ZHANG Hailiang, DONG Ganghui, LI Xizhi, HUANG Xixia, WANG Yachun. Analysis of Differences in Milk Yield of Chinese Holstein Dairy Cows with Different Heat Resistance [J]. , 2018, 45(8): 2263-2269.
[15]	WUREN Taodi, BAI Junyan, BA La, ZHOU Junwen, ZHANG Wenbing. Microsatellite Polymorphism and Its Correlation Analysis with Body Size Traits in Alashan Gobi Bactrian Camel [J]. , 2018, 45(7): 1881-1890.