基于噬菌体疗法的畜禽支原体病防治研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.04.028

Abstract

Abstract: Mycoplasmas,prevalent animal pathogens,inflict substantial economic damage on the livestock and poultry sectors.Clinical strategies to combat Mycoplasma diseases encompass prophylactic vaccination and antibiotic therapy.Yet,conventional vaccines-both inactivated and attenuated-pose challenges such as diminished immunogenicity and virulence reversion,while prolonged monotherapy with antibiotics fosters antibiotic resistance.Bacteriophages offer a promising alternative,circumventing these issues and emerging as an effective biological control in veterinary and aquaculture settings.Mycoplasma bacteriophages were discovered and studied as early as the 1980s,and it is expected to achieve the goal of preventing and treating Mycoplasma diseases through the application of bacteriophages.However,the complex cultivation of Mycoplasmas has limited extensive bacteriophage research.Further isolation and in-depth study of Mycoplasma bacteriophages are imperative for advancing practical applications.The author conducted a systematic phylogenetic analysis of the whole genome of Mycoplasma in NCBI database,listed common pathogenic Mycoplasmas in livestock and poultry and the symptoms they caused,elucidated the pathogenesis and conventional treatment methods of Mycoplasma,summarized the research progress of bacteriophages and the practicality of Mycoplasma bacteriophages,and provided important references for the prevention and treatment of Mycoplasma diseases in animal husbandry field.

Key words: Mycoplasmadisease in livestock and poultry; phage therapy; pathogenic mechanism; prevention and treatment; Mycoplasma phage

CLC Number:

ZHU Bin, ZHOU Xingyou, WUJunquan, CHEN Huiying, ZHUJianfeng, QIJiaojiao, HU Wenfeng, YANG Meiyan. Phage Therapy in Mycoplasma Disease Management:Advances in Prevention and Treatment Strategies for Livestock and Poultry[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(4): 1763-1775.

References

[1] 陈胜利,郝华芳,季文恒,等.动物支原体相关蛋白的免疫原性研究进展[J].畜牧兽医学报,2021,52(5):1230-1237.CHEN S L,HAO H F,JI W H,et al.Research advances in immunogenicity of related proteins of animal Mycoplasmas[J].Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2021,52(5):1230-1237.(in Chinese)
[2] LIMPAVITHAYAKUL K,SASIPREEYAJAN J,PAKPINYO S.Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Thai Mycoplasma synoviae isolates[J].Scientific Reports,2023,13(1):2002.
[3] LYSNYANSKY I,AYLING R D.Mycoplasma bovis:Mechanisms of resistance and trends in antimicrobial susceptibility[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2016,7:595.
[4] GAUTIER-BOUCHARDON A V.Antimicrobial resistance in Mycoplasma spp.[J].Microbiology Spectrum,2018,6(4).Doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.ARBA-0030-2018.
[5] NIU J,YAN M,XU J,et al.The resistance mechanism of Mycoplasma bovis from yaks in Tibet to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides[J].Frontiers in Veterinary Science,2022,9:840981.
[6] 史爱梅,张明富,李莲瑞.鸡毒支原体流行现状及防控方案[J].河南农业,2022,10:47-49.SHI A M,ZHANG M F,LI L R.The epidemic status and prevention and control scheme of Mycoplasma gallisepticum[J]. Agriculture of Henan,2022,10:47-49.(in Chinese)
[7] MARKHAM J F,SCOTT P C,WHITHEAR K G.Field evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a temperature-sensitive Mycoplasma synoviae live vaccine[J].Avian Diseases,1998,42(4):682-689.
[8] 王湘如,赵月,冯家伟,等.欧盟禁用饲料药物添加剂的历史和法规[J].中国兽药杂志,2019,53(6):72-79.WANG X R,ZHAO Y,FENG J W,et al.History and regulations of the ban on medicated feed additives in European Union[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Drug,2019,53(6):72-79.(in Chinese)
[9] 万遂如.关于我国畜牧业生产中限制抗生素的使用问题[A].中国畜牧业协会.第五届全球猪业论坛暨第十五届(2017)中国猪业发展大会论文集[C].2017.WAN S R.The issue of restricting antibiotic use in China's animal husbandry production[A].China Animal Husbandry Association.Proceedings of the 5th Global Swine Forum and the 15th (2017) China Swine Industry Development Conference[C].2017.(in Chinese)
[10] 中华人民共和国农业农村部.中华人民共和国农业农村部公告第194号[J].中华人民共和国农业农村部公报,2019,7:126.MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.Announcement No.194 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China[J].Bulletin of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China,2019,7:126.(in Chinese)
[11] 张霞,王志方,刘佳佳,等.中草药制剂在家禽中应用的研究进展[J].饲料工业,2023,44(17):36-41.ZHANG X,WANG Z F,LIU J J,et al.Research progress of herbal preparations in poultry[J].Feed Industry,2023,44(17):36-41.(in Chinese)
[12] DAI L,SAHIN O,GROVER M,et al.New and alternative strategies for the prevention,control,and treatment of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter[J].Translational Research,2020,223:76-88.
[13] UYTTEBROEK S,CHEN B,ONSEA J,et al.Safety and efficacy of phage therapy in difficult-to-treat infections:A systematic review[J].The Lancet.Infectious Diseases,2022,22(8):e208-e220.
[14] MINION F C,LEFKOWITZ E J,MADSEN M L,et al.The genome sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 232,the agent of swine mycoplasmosis[J].Journal of Bacteriology,2004,186(21):7123-7133.
[15] 闫艳丽,李学志,李阳.常见动物源致病性支原体概述[J].现代畜牧兽医,2012,7:77-80.YAN Y L,LI X Z,LI Y.Overview of common animal-derived pathogenic Mycoplasma[J].Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2012,7:77-80.(in Chinese)
[16] MAUNSELL F P,WOOLUMS A R,FRANCOZ D,et al.Mycoplasma bovis infections in cattle[J].Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine,2011,25(4):772-783.
[17] CHANG J T,WANG G B,ZHANG Y,et al.Mycoplasma leachii causes polyarthritis in calves via the blood route but is not associated with pneumonia[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2018,17(11):2536-2545.
[18] SCHAMBOW R A,POULSEN K,BOLIN S,et al.Apparent prevalence of Mycoplasma wenyonii,Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos,and Bovine leukemia virus in Wisconsin and Michigan dairy cattle herds[J].JDS Communications,2021,2(2):61-66.
[19] SPERGSER J,DESOYE P,RUPPITSCH W,et al.Mycoplasma tauri sp.nov.isolated from the bovine genital tract[J].Systematic and Applied Microbiology,2022,45(1):126292.
[20] URIE N J,HIGHLAND M A,KNOWLES D P,et al.Mycoplasma ovis infection in domestic sheep (Ovis aries) in the United States:Prevalence,distribution,associated risk factors,and associated outcomes[J].Preventive Veterinary Medicine,2019,171:104750.
[21] KUMAR A,RAHAL A,CHAKRABORTY S,et al.Mycoplasma agalactiae,an etiological agent of contagious agalactia in small ruminants:A review[J].Veterinary Medicine International,2014,2014:286752.
[22] MAKSIMOVI AC'G Z,RIFATBEGOVI AC'G M,LORIA G R,et al.Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae:A most variable pathogen[J].Pathogens (Basel,Switzerland),2022,11(12):1477.
[23] RODRÍGUEZ J L,GUTIÉRREZ C,BROOKS D L,et al.A pathological and immunohistochemical study of goat kids undergoing septicaemic disease caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp.capricolum,Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (large colony type)[J]. Journal of Veterinary Medicine.Series B,1998,45(3):141-149.
[24] ZHANG Z,HE M,JIANG J,et al.First report and comparative genomic analysis of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum HN-B in Hainan Island,China[J]. Microorganisms,2022,10(11):2298.
[25] CHEN S,HAO H,ZHAO P,et al.Genome-wide analysis of the first sequenced Mycoplasma capricolum subsp.capripneumoniae strain M1601[J]. G3 (Bethesda,Md.),2017,7(9):2899-2906.
[26] LEAL ZIMMER F M A,PAES J A,ZAHA A,et al.Pathogenicity&virulence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae[J].Virulence,2020,11(1):1600-1622.
[27] HENNIG-PAUKA I,SUDENDEY C,KLEINSCHMIDT S,et al.Swine conjunctivitis associated with a novel Mycoplasma species closely related to Mycoplasma hyorhinis[J].Pathogens (Basel,Switzerland),2020,10(1):13.
[28] FRIIS N F,HANSEN K K,SCHIRMER A L,et al.Mycoplasma hyosynoviae in joints with arthritis in abattoir baconers[J].Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica,1992,33(3):205-210.
[29] 崔成哲.嗜血支原体感染东方香猪动物模型的建立[D].延吉:延边大学,2012.CUI C Z.Establishment of eastern incense pig for Mycoplasmal haemosuis infection[D].Yanji:Yanbian University,2012.(in Chinese)
[30] FEBERWEE A,DE WIT S,DIJKMAN R.Clinical expression,epidemiology,and monitoring of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae:An update[J].Avian Pathology,2022,51(1):2-18.
[31] MAROUF S,KHALF M A,ALORABI M,et al.Mycoplasma gallisepticum:A devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt[J].Poultry Science,2022,101(3):101658.
[32] CALCUTT M J,LYSNYANSKY I,SACHSE K,et al.Gap analysis of Mycoplasma bovis disease,diagnosis and control:An aid to identify future development requirements[J].Transboundary and Emerging Diseases,2018,65 Suppl 1:91-109.
[33] ROSENGARTEN R,CITTI C,GLEW M,et al.Host-pathogen interactions in Mycoplasma pathogenesis:Virulence and survival strategies of minimalist prokaryotes[J].International Journal of Medical Microbiology,2000,290(1):15-25.
[34] WIDJAJA M,BERRY I J,JAROCKI V M,et al.Cell surface processing of the P1 adhesin of Mycoplasma pneumoniae identifies novel domains that bind host molecules[J].Scientific Reports,2020,10(1):6384.
[35] MAES D,SIBILA M,KUHNERT P,et al.Update on Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in pigs:Knowledge gaps for improved disease control[J].Transboundary and Emerging Diseases,2018,65 Suppl 1:110-124.
[36] MAES D,BOYEN F,DEVRIENDT B,et al.Perspectives for improvement of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines in pigs[J].Veterinary Research,2021,52(1):67.
[37] XU Q Y,PAN Q,WU Q,et al.Mycoplasma bovis adhesins and their target proteins[J].Frontiers in Immunology,2022,13:1016641.
[38] MUGUNTHAN S P,HARISH M C.In silico structural homology modeling and functional characterization of Mycoplasma gallisepticum variable lipoprotein hemagglutin proteins[J].Frontiers in Veterinary Science,2022,9:943831.
[39] BALISH M F.Mycoplasma pneumoniae,an underutilized model for bacterial cell biology[J].Journal of Bacteriology,2014,196(21):3675-3682.
[40] RAZIN S,JACOBS E.Mycoplasma adhesion[J].Journal of General Microbiology,1992,138(3):407-422.
[41] KRAUSE D C.Mycoplasma pneumoniae cytadherence:Organization and assembly of the attachment organelle[J].Trends in Microbiology,1998,6(1):15-18.
[42] NAKANE D,MIYATA M.Cytoskeletal asymmetrical dumbbell structure of a gliding Mycoplasma,Mycoplasma gallisepticum,revealed by negative-staining electron microscopy[J].Journal of Bacteriology,2009,191(10):3256-3264.
[43] MERNAUGH G R,DALLO S F,HOLT S C,et al.Properties of adhering and nonadhering populations of Mycoplasma genitalium[J].Clinical Infectious Diseases,1993,17 Suppl 1:S69-78.
[44] MC D,RF R.Ciliostasis and loss of cilia induced by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in porcine tracheal organ cultures[J].Infection and Immunity,1994,62(12):5312-5318.
[45] TAO Y,SHU J,CHEN J,et al.A concise review of vaccines against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae[J].Research in Veterinary Science,2019,123:144-152.
[46] VOELKER L L,DYBVIG K.Sequence analysis of the Mycoplasma arthritidis bacteriophage MAV1 genome identifies the putative virulence factor[J].Gene,1999,233(1-2):101-107.
[47] VOELKER L L,WEAVER K E,EHLE L J,et al.Association of lysogenic bacteriophage MAV1 with virulence of Mycoplasma arthritidis[J].Infection and Immunity,1995,63(10):4016-4023.
[48] RÖSKE K,CALCUTT M J,WISE K S.The Mycoplasma fermentans prophage phiMFV1:Genome organization,mobility and variable expression of an encoded surface protein[J].Molecular Microbiology,2004,52(6):1703-1720.
[49] LE CARROU J,REINHARDT A K,KEMPF I,et al.Persistence of Mycoplasma synoviae in hens after two enrofloxacin treatments and detection of mutations in the parC gene[J].Veterinary Research,2006,37(1):145-154.
[50] GERCHMAN I,LYSNYANSKY I,PERK S,et al.In vitro susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones in current and archived Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae isolates from meat-type turkeys[J].Veterinary Microbiology,2008,131(3-4):266-276.
[51] COLLIGNON P J,MCEWEN S A.One Health-Its importance in helping to better control antimicrobial resistance[J].Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease,2019,4(1):22.
[52] 刘华友,孔庆楠.探讨中草药饲料在动物饲养中的应用[J].中兽医学杂志,2023,3:7-9.LIU H Y,KONG Q N.Exploring of the application of Chinese herbal feed in animal breeding[J].Chinese Journal of Traditional Veterinary Science,2023,3:7-9.(in Chinese)
[53] 薛沾枚,张备,孟维珊,等.中草药在畜禽饲料添加剂中的应用[J].福建畜牧兽医,2023,45(1):22-23.XUE Z M,ZHANG B,MENG W S,et al.Application of Chinese herbal medicine in animal feed additives[J].Fujian Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,2023,45(1):22-23.(in Chinese)
[54] THACKER E L,THACKER B J,WOLFF T.Efficacy of a chlortetracycline feed additive in reducing pneumonia and clinical signs induced by experimental Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae challenge[J].Journal of Swine Health and Production,2006,14(3):140-144.
[55] AHN Y,YANG S,OH T,et al.Efficacy evaluation of a bivalent vaccine containing Porcine circovirus type 2b and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae against an experimental dual challenge[J].Frontiers in Veterinary Science,2021,8:652313.
[56] THACKER E,THACKER B,BOETTCHER T B,et al.Comparison of antibody production,lymphocyte stimulation,and protection induced by four commercial Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins[J].Journal of Swine Health and Production,1998,6:107-112.
[57] FISCH A,MARCHIORO S B,GOMES C K,et al.Commercial bacterins did not induce detectable levels of antibodies in mice against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens strongly recognized by swine immune system[J].Trials in Vaccinology,2016,5:32-37.
[58] 蒋依倩,齐宇,王美玲,等.噬菌体在动物细菌病防治中的应用研究进展[J].中国兽药杂志,2015,49(5):66-69.JIANG Y Q,QI Y,WANG M L,et al.Advances in the application of bacteriophage in the prevention and treatment of animal bacterial disease[J].Chinese Journal of Veterinary Drug,2015,49(5):66-69.(in Chinese)
[59] 吕阳,尹平,MOHAMED K M,等.噬菌体在食品安全控制中的研究进展[J].食品科学,2018,39(15):240-246.LYU Y,YIN P,MOHAMED K M,et al.Progress and future prospects of bacteriophage in food safety control[J].Food Science,2018,39(15):240-246.(in Chinese)
[60] 彭可欣.诺安百特开展全国弧菌收集的调研行,建立噬菌体数据库,持续进行产品升级[J].当代水产,2023,48(10):37-39.PENG K X.PHAGEPHARM has carried out a national survey of Vibrio collection,established a phage database,and continuously upgraded its products[J].Current Fisheries,2023,48(10):37-39.(in Chinese)
[61] ALOMARI M M M,DEC M,URBAN-CHMIEL R.Bacteriophages as an alternative method for control of zoonotic and foodborne pathogens[J].Viruses,2021,13(12):2348.
[62] TRUCHADO P,ELSSER-GRAVESEN A,GIL M I,et al.Post-process treatments are effective strategies to reduce Listeria monocytogenes on the surface of leafy greens:A pilot study[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology,2020,313:108390.
[63] YANG M,LIANG Y,HUANG S,et al.Isolation and characterization of the novel phages vB_VpS_BA3 and vB_VpS_CA8 for lysing Vibrio parahaemolyticus[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2020,11:259.
[64] 黄桥栏,刘泽锟,何嘉欣,等.烈性噬菌体Vb_VpP_AC2的分离鉴定及生物学特性分析[J].现代食品科技,2023,39(7):42-52.HUANG Q L,LIU Z K,HE J X,et al.Isolation and identification of lytic phage vB_VpP_2 and its biological characteristics[J].Modern Food Science and Technology,2023,39(7):42-52.(in Chinese)
[65] YANG M,CHEN H,GUO S,et al.Characterization and genome analysis of a novel Vibrio parahaemolyticus phage vB_VpP_DE17[J].Virus Research,2022,307:198580.
[66] YANG M,CHEN H,HUANG Q,et al.Characterization of the novel phage vB_VpaP_FE11 and its potential role in controlling Vibrio parahaemolyticus biofilms[J].Viruses,2022,14(2):264.
[67] TAN S,HE J,LIU Z,et al.Isolation and characterization of a novel phage vB_BceS_LY1 and its application to control newly isolated Bacillus cereus in milk and rice[J].LWT,2023,187:115293.
[68] GOURLAY R N.Mycoplasma viruses:Isolation,physicochemical,and biological properties[J].CRC Critical Reviews in Microbiology,1974,3(3):315-331.
[69] RAHMAN A A,SETHI K K.Presence of viruses in a strain of Mycoplasma pulmonis[J].Experientia,1979,35(8):1029-1030.
[70] GOURLAY R N,WYLD S G,GARWES D J.Some properties of Mycoplasma virus Br 1[J].Archives of Virology,1983,75(1-2):1-15.
[71] GOURLAY R N,WYLD S G,POULTON M E.Some characteristics of Mycoplasma virus Hr 1,isolated from and infecting Mycoplasma hyorhinis.Brief report[J].Archives of Virology,1983,77(1):81-85.
[72] DYBVIG K,ALDERETE J,WATSON H L,et al.Adsorption of Mycoplasma virus P1 to host cells[J].Journal of Bacteriology,1988,170(9):4373-4375.
[73] BRUCE J,GOURLAY R N,HULL R,et al.Ultrastructure of Mycoplasmatales virus laidlawii Ⅰ[J].The Journal of General Virology,1972,16(2):215-221.
[74] GARWES D J,PIKE B V,WYLD S G,et al.Characterization of Mycoplasmatales virus-laidlawii 3[J].The Journal of General Virology,1975,29(1):11-24.
[75] GOURLAY R N.Mycoplasmatales virus-laidlawii 2,a new virus isolated from Acholeplasma laidlawii[J].The Journal of General Virology,1971,12(1):65-67.
[76] GOURLAY R N,WYLD S G,GARWES D J,et al.Comparison of Mycoplasmatales virus MV-Lg-pS2-L172 with Plasmavirus MV-L2 and the other Mycoplasma viruses[J].Archives of Virology,1979,61(4):289-296.
[77] TARDY F,BARANOWSKI E,NOUVEL L X,et al.Emergence of atypical Mycoplasma agalactiae strains harboring a new prophage and associated with an alpine wild ungulate mortality episode[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2012,78(13):4659-4668.
[78] MANSO-SILVÁN L,TARDY F,BARANOWSKI E,et al.Draft genome sequences of Mycoplasma alkalescens,Mycoplasma arginini,and Mycoplasma bovigenitalium,three species with equivocal pathogenic status for cattle[J].Genome Announcements,2013,1(3):e00348-13.
[79] CITTI C,BARANOWSKI E,DORDET-FRISONI E,et al.Genomic islands in Mycoplasmas[J].Genes,2020,11(8):836.
[80] BUMGARDNER E A,KITTICHOTIRAT W,BUMGARNER R E,et al.Comparative genomic analysis of seven Mycoplasma hyosynoviae strains[J].MicrobiologyOpen,2015,4(2):343-359.
[81] TU A H,VOELKER L L,SHEN X,et al.Complete nucleotide sequence of the Mycoplasma virus P1 genome[J].Plasmid,2001,45(2):122-126.
[82] 许李锋,贾晨宇,陈福再,等.1株鸡滑液囊支原体的分离鉴定与全基因组分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2022,53(8):2663-2676.XU L F,JIA C Y,CHEN F Z,et al.Isolation,identification and whole genome analysis of a Mycoplasma synoviae strain from chicken[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica,2022,53(8):2663-2676.(in Chinese)
[83] PUTZRATH R M,CADDEN S P,MANILOFF J.Effect of cell membrane composition on the growth and composition of a nonlytic enveloped Mycoplasmavirus[J].Virology,1980,106(1):162-167.
[84] PUTZRATH R M,MANILOFF J.Properties of a persistent viral infection:Possible lysogeny by an enveloped nonlytic Mycoplasmavirus[J].Journal of Virology,1978,28(1):254-261.
[85] HURWITZ B L,PONSERO A,THORNTON J,et al.Phage hunters:Computational strategies for finding phages in large-scale'omics datasets[J].Virus Research,2018,244:110-115.
[86] 陈青黎,童贻刚.工程噬菌体的合成生物学"智造"[J].合成生物学,2023,4(2):283-300.CHEN Q L,TONG Y G.Merging the frontiers:Synthetic biology for advanced bacteriophage design[J].Synthetic Biology Journal,2023,4(2):283-300.(in Chinese)
[87] EREZ Z,STEINBERGER-LEVY I,SHAMIR M,et al.Communication between viruses guides lysis-lysogeny decisions[J].Nature,2017,541(7638):488-493.

Phage Therapy in Mycoplasma Disease Management:Advances in Prevention and Treatment Strategies for Livestock and Poultry

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	LI Aifang, WANG Qianfang, WANG Zilong, LI Yalan, XU Peng, FENG Shuying. Research Progress on Diagnosis and Control of Chinese Sacbrood Disease [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 864-873.
[2]	GUO Jiajia, NIE Jing, QU Jiu, Danzengzhandu, LI Xiaowei, JIANG Mingfeng, LIU Yili. Mechanism of Antibacterial Action of Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Application in Livestock and Poultry [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(2): 934-945.
[3]	WANG Meile, YU Yangfan, XU Peng, CHEN Qing, AKILA·ANWAR, LI Shuxuan, YANG Songhua, YIN Sugai, FENG Shuying. Research Progress on the Pathogenic Mechanism and Prevention Strategy of African Swine Fever Virus [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(7): 3041-3055.
[4]	HAN Yuanyuan, WANG Jingwen, RUAN Jingxian, WANG Donghan, XIA Lu, ZHU Heshui, HU Hui. Research Progress on Porcine Sapelovirus [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(6): 2653-2660.
[5]	WANG Tingting, MA Qingxia, LIU Hongying, XU Lihui, LIU Yingyu, GONG Qinglong, LI Jianming, SHI Kun, LENG Xue, DU Rui. Research Progress on Aleutian Mink Disease Virus [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(8): 3354-3363.
[6]	SONG Yue, SU Shengjie, ZHANG Fan, BAI Fan, DAI Lingli, WANG Na, WANG Dawei, YANG Qianwen, ZHAO Shihua, ZHANG Yuemei. Prokaryotic Expression and Polyclonal Antibody Preparation of Mannheimia haemolytica Truncated Leukotoxin [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(6): 2479-2486.
[7]	ZHANG Jingyi, CHEN Li, HUANG Siyang, CHEN Xiang, LIU Zongping, TONG Xishuai. Research Progress on Pathogenic Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Ehrlichia canis [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(5): 2023-2031.
[8]	QIAO Chunyu, LIU Jiahe, ZHANG Boxi, HE Yuxi, ZHENG Yuwei, LYU Hongming. Research Progress on Pathogenic Mechanism and Control of Aflatoxin B₁ [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(2): 765-775.
[9]	LI Min, ZHAO Zunfu, YANG Tingting, ZHANG Huanrong. Prevention and Treatment Effect of Escherichia coli Phage BP16 on Chicken Colibacillosis [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(2): 776-782.
[10]	LI Xing, WANG Xuemin, SHAO Yuxin, WANG Zheng, JI Feng, HUANG Jianguo. Research Progress on Pigeon Salmonellosis and Prevention and Control Measures of Its Antibiotic Substitutes [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(7): 2584-2593.
[11]	SUN Jiali, DONG Hao, PENG Xiaowei, ZHU Liangquan, JIANG Hui, FENG Yu, LI Xiaoying, DING Jiabo, WANG Chunfeng. Research Progress on Brucella canis [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(10): 3803-3811.
[12]	BAI Weiqin, LI Hong, MENG Ke, ZI Zhanfei, LI Jie, ZHAO Lijun, WANG Jinling, GE Riletu, LI Qi, JI Lintai. Isolation and Identification of a Pathogenic Enterococcus faecium from Sheep [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(10): 3889-3895.
[13]	ZHENG Xinxin, LI Fukuan, PAN Zhangyuan, LV Shenjin, WANG Hui. Research Progress on Pharmacological Action of Astragalus Polysaccharide and Its Application in Piglet Disease Prevention and Treatment [J]. , 2018, 45(10): 2918-2926.
[14]	ZHU Yu-wei, LI Yu-bao, WANG Shou-rong, WU Wei-sheng, XIA Guang-zhou, XIAO Chuan-gang. Research Progress on Bacteriophage and the Therapy in Bacterial Infection [J]. , 2015, 42(3): 769-773.
[15]	DU Ji-hong, ZHU Hua, CUI Xiao-qi, WANG Xiu-min, QIN Jun-jie. Prevention and Treatment Effect of Ben Lamge Granules on Chicken Infectious Bursal Disease [J]. , 2014, 41(6): 236-240.