基于SRY基因分析梅花鹿的遗传多样性及父系类型

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.02.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验旨在研究梅花鹿SRY基因的遗传多样性及其父系类型。选取东北亚种、北海道亚种、本州亚种、指名亚种、屋久岛亚种5个亚种的144个个体，利用试剂盒和传统酚/仿（1：1）法进行DNA的提取，采用PCR扩增和直接测序法分析梅花鹿的核苷酸多样性（Pi）、单倍型多样性（Hd）、遗传距离及系统进化关系。结果显示，试验所获序列长度为1 613 bp，在第47、62、602、1 148、1 569、1 604 bp处共检测到6个SNPs多态位点，占核苷酸总数的0.3%，碱基替换以碱基转换为主。通过6个SNPs多态位点确立了6种单倍型：Hap-1、Hap-2、Hap-3、Hap-4、Hap-5和Hap-6，其中Hap-4、Hap-5和Hap-6为新发现单倍型。遗传多样性由高至低依次为：指名亚种、屋久岛亚种、东北亚种、本州亚种、北海道亚种。各亚种间遗传距离最小为北海道亚种与本州亚种的距离（0.000056），最大为东北亚种与指名亚种的距离（0.001733）。基于单倍型利用邻接法构建系统进化树，结果显示，与日本梅花鹿相比，东北亚种与马鹿关系更近，东北亚种存在两大分支，日本梅花鹿各亚种间无明显分支，其他单倍型均是由Hap-3进化而来，单倍型最小跨度网络图与系统进化树一致。结果表明，东北梅花鹿存在两大父系类型，日本梅花鹿存在一个父系类型，单倍型Hap-3是日本梅花鹿的原始单倍型。

关键词: 梅花鹿; SRY基因; 遗传多样性; 父系类型

Abstract:

This study was aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and paternal typec of sika deer based on SRY gene.144 individuals from five subspecies,such as Cervus nippon hortulorum,Cervus nippon yesoensis,Cervus nippon centralis,Cervus nippon nippon and Cervus nippon yakushimae,were selected for DNA extraction using kit and traditional phenol/imitation (1:1) methods.PCR amplification and PCR products sequence were used to analyze the nucleotide diversity (Pi),haplotype diversity (Hd),genetic distance and phylogenetic relationship of sika deer.The results showed that 6 SNPs polymorphisms were detected at positions 47,62,602,1 148,1 569 and 1 604 bp in the 1 613 bp sequences,which accounted for 0.3% of the total number of nucleotides.The base substitution was dominated by base conversion.6 haplotypes of Hap-1,Hap-2,Hap-3,Hap-4,Hap-5 and Hap-6 were identified by 6 SNPs polymorphisms,Hap-4,Hap-5 and Hap-6 were the new haplotypes.The sequence of nucleotide diversity from high to low were:Cervus nippon nippon, Cervus nippon yakushimae,Cervus nippon hortulorum,Cervus nippon centralis,Cervus nippon yesoensis.The smallest genetic distance among subspecies was 0.000056 between Cervus nippon yesoensis and Cervus nippon centralis,and the largest distance was 0.001733 between Cervus nippon hortulorum and Cervus nippon nippon.Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on haplotypes and all individuals using the adjacency method.The phylogenetic tree showed that compared with the Japanese sika deer,Cervus nipppon hortulorum was closer to Cervus elaphus,Cervus nippon hortulorum had two branches,and Japanese sika deer had no obvious branches,and the other haplotypes were evolved by Hap-3.The haplotype minimum span network map was consistent with the evolutionary tree.This results indicated that there were two patrilineal types in Cervus nippon hortulorum,there was a paternal type in Japanese sika deer,Hap-3 was the original haplotype of Japanese sika deer.

Key words: sika deer; SRY gene; genetic diversity; paternal type

中图分类号:

S825

董依萌, 刘华淼, 玉手英利, 刘汇涛, 鞠妍, 邢秀梅, 何金明, 鞠贵春. 基于SRY基因分析梅花鹿的遗传多样性及父系类型[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(2): 489-496.

DONG Yimeng, LIU Huamiao, Hidetoshi B. Tamate, LIU Huitao, JU Yan, XING Xiumei, HE Jinming, JU Guichun. Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Paternal Type of Sika Deer Based on SRY Gene[J]. , 2019, 46(2): 489-496.

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