基于mtDNA Cytb基因的马可·波罗盘羊遗传多样性与起源进化分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.05.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为进一步明确马可·波罗盘羊（Ovis ammon polii）与家养绵羊的遗传进化关系，本试验提取20只马可·波罗盘羊的基因组DNA，并对其线粒体DNA （mtDNA）细胞色素b （Cytb）基因进行PCR扩增，下载GenBank中野生绵羊和家养绵羊的mtDNA Cytb基因序列，利用邻接法（Neighbor-Joining，NJ）构建系统发育树，以阐明野生绵羊和家养绵羊遗传多样水平与起源进化关系。结果显示，马可·波罗盘羊mtDNA Cytb基因全长1 140 bp，富含A、T碱基，含量为58.3%，存在10个单倍型，平均单倍型多样性（Hd）为0.884；存在122个SNPs位点，占核苷酸总数的2.35%，其中单一多态位点2个，简约信息位点120个，均为两碱基突变，转换发生的频率远远高于颠换；平均核苷酸多样性（pi）为0.02090；平均核苷酸差异性（K）为23.826，表明马可·波罗盘羊mtDNA Cytb区单倍型和核苷酸遗传多样性丰富。系统发育分析显示，野生绵羊分为明显的三支，其中马可·波罗盘羊单独形成一支，且与盘羊西藏亚种遗传距离最近，与天山盘羊、蒙古盘羊遗传距离最远，而家养绵羊与摩弗仑羊亲缘关系较近，与盘羊亲缘关系较远。以上结果表明盘羊对家养绵羊起源进化贡献较低，支持摩弗仑羊可能是家养绵羊野生祖先的观点。

关键词: 马可·波罗盘羊; mtDNA Cytb基因; 遗传多样性; 系统进化

Abstract: In order to further understand the genetic evolutionary relationship of Ovis ammon polii and domestic sheep,in this study,DNA of 20 Ovis ammon polii was extracted and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b (Cytb) gene was amplified by PCR.The mtDNA Cytb gene sequence in GenBank was downloaded,and the phylogenetic tree was constructed by Neighbor-Joining,so as to clarify the genetic diversity and evolution of wild sheep and domestic sheep.The results showed that the mtDNA Cytb gene of Ovis ammon polii was 1 140 bp,containing 58.3% A and T bases.There were 10 haplotypes,and the average haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.884.There were 122 SNPs,accounting for 2.35% of the total nucleotide.Among them,there were 2 single polymorphic sites and 120 simple information sites,all of which were two-base mutations.The frequency of conversion was higher than that of inversion.The mean nucleotide diversity (pi) was 0.02090.The mean nucleotide difference (K) was 23.826.The results indicated that the mtDNA Cytb region of Ovis ammon polii was rich in haplotype and nucleotide genetic diversity.Phylogenetic analysis showed that wild sheep were divided into three distinct branches,among which Ovis ammon polii formed a single branch,and the genetic distance with Ovis ammon hodgsoni was the closest,and the genetic distance with Ovis ammon karelini, Ovis ammon darwini was the furthest,the domestic sheep breeds was closely related to Ovis musimon,but far from Ovis ammon polii.The results showed that Ovis ammon polii had a low contribution to the origin and evolution of domestic sheep,which supported the judgement that Ovis musimon might be the ancestor of domestic sheep.

Key words: Ovis ammon polii; mtDNA Cytb gene; genetic diversity; phylogenetic evolution

中图分类号:

S826

肖逸, 王孟文, 张秀英, 古丽扎尔·阿不都克力木, 韩建林, 王玉涛. 基于mtDNA Cytb基因的马可·波罗盘羊遗传多样性与起源进化分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(5): 1681-1690.

XIAO Yi, WANG Mengwen, ZHANG Xiuying, GULZAR Abdukerim, HAN Jianlin, WANG Yutao. Genetic Diversity,Origin and Evolution Analysis of Ovis ammon polii Based on mtDNA Cytb Gene[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(5): 1681-1690.

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