全株青贮玉米粉对育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力及免疫指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.03.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究添加不同比例全株青贮玉米粉对育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力及免疫指标的影响,并确定最佳添加比例。【方法】选取平均体重(39.03±5.53)kg的"杜×长×大"育肥猪40头,随机分为4组,每组10头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(不添加全株青贮玉米粉),试验组分别饲喂添加5%(Ⅰ组)、10%(Ⅱ组)和15%(Ⅲ组)全株青贮玉米粉试验饲粮,正试期90 d。测定每头猪初始体重、终末体重,记算平均日采食量;试验结束后,每组随机选取3头体重相近的猪,前腔静脉采血10 mL,测定血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及免疫指标。【结果】①与对照组相比,Ⅱ组猪料重比(F/G)显著降低(P＜0.05),Ⅲ组终末体重(FBW)、平均日增重(ADG)极显著或显著降低(P＜0.01;P＜0.05)。②与对照组相比,Ⅱ组猪血清球蛋白(GLB)和Ⅲ组血清甘油三酯(TG)含量均显著提高(P＜0.05),Ⅰ和Ⅱ组血清谷草转氨酶(AST)含量均显著降低(P＜0.05)。③与对照组相比,Ⅱ和Ⅲ组猪血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性极显著提高(P＜0.01),Ⅰ和Ⅱ组血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性均极显著提高(P＜0.01),Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量均极显著降低(P＜0.01)。④与对照组相比,Ⅱ组猪血清IgG、IgM含量均显著提高(P＜0.05);Ⅱ组血清IL-1β含量较对照组、Ⅰ和Ⅲ组显著或极显著降低(P＜0.05;P＜0.01)。【结论】饲粮中添加10%全株青贮玉米粉能降低育肥猪料重比,提高抗氧化能力,增强机体免疫力。

关键词: 全株青贮玉米粉; 育肥猪; 生长性能; 血清生化指标; 抗氧化指标; 免疫指标

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of various proportions of whole plant silage maize meal on the growth performance,serum biochemical,antioxidant,and immune indicators of fattening pigs and to determine the optimal proportion of silage corn meal.【Method】 A total of 40 pigs with an average body weight of (39.03±5.53) kg of "Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire" fattening pigs were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 pigs in each group.The control group was fed with basic diet (without whole plant silage corn meal),and the test groups were fed with 5% (group Ⅰ),10% (group Ⅱ) and 15% (group Ⅲ) whole plant silage corn meal test diet.The formal test lasted for 90 days.The initial and final body weights of each pig were recorded,along with average daily feed intake.Towards the end of the experiment,3 pigs were randomly selected from each group based on similar body weights,and 10 mL of blood was collected through the anterior vena cava to measure serum biochemical,antioxidant,and immune indicators.【Result】 ① Compared with control group,the feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) of fattening pigs in group Ⅱ was significantly reduced (P＜0.05),while the final body weight (FBW) and the average daily weight gain (ADG) of group Ⅲ were extremely significantly or significantly reduced (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).② Compared with control group,the levels of serum globulin (GLB) of fattening pigs in group Ⅱ and serum triglycerides (TG) in group Ⅲ were significantly increased (P＜0.05),while the levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly reduced (P＜0.05).③Compared with the control group,the activity of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) of fattening pigs in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01),while the activities of the serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were extremely significantly increased (P＜0.01).The contents of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly reduced (P＜0.01).④Compared with the control group,the serum IgG and IgM levels of fattening pigs in group Ⅱ were significantly increased (P＜0.05).The serum IL-1β content in group Ⅱ was significantly or extremely significantly reduced compared to control group and groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).【Conclusion】 Adding 10% whole plant silage corn meal to the diet could reduce F/G of fattening pigs,improve their antioxidant capacity and immunity.

Key words: whole plant silage maize mael; fattening pigs; growth performance; serum biochemistry indicators; antioxidant indicators; immune indicators

中图分类号:

S828

程文昊, 徐裕, 宋科林, 石海霞, 闫尊强, 王鹏飞, 滚双宝. 全株青贮玉米粉对育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力及免疫指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(3): 1021-1030.

CHENG Wenhao, XU Yu, SONG Kelin, SHI Haixia, YAN Zunqiang, WANG Pengfei, GUN Shuangbao. Effects of Whole Plant Silage Maize Meal on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indicators,Antioxidant Capacity and Immunological Indicators of Fattening Pigs[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(3): 1021-1030.

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