调教训练对伊犁马1 km速步赛肢体角度的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.03.020

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3): 814-821.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.03.020

调教训练对伊犁马1 km速步赛肢体角度的影响

孟军^1,2,3, 王建文^1,2,3, 孔麒森^1,3, 曾亚琦^3,4, 李林玲^1,2, 张亚昂^1,2, 任万路¹, 王川坤¹, 姚闰晨¹, 姚新奎^1,2,3

1. 新疆农业大学动物科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
2. 新疆马繁育与运动生理重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
3. 新疆农业大学马产业研究院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
4. 新疆驰霄博骏畜牧业有限公司, 乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2019-09-05 出版日期:2020-03-20 发布日期:2020-03-17
通讯作者: 姚新奎 E-mail:yxk61@126.com
作者简介:孟军(1986-),男,江苏盐城人,博士,研究方向:马类科学,E-mail:junm86@qq.com
基金资助:
中国博士后基金委（138620）；新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项（2017A01002-1）；新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队计划（2017D14011）；新疆农业大学研究生科研创新项目"速步马体型结构与步态特征相关性研究"（XJAUGRI2016003）

Effect of Training on Body Angle in 1 km Trotter of Yili Horse

MENG Jun^1,2,3, WANG Jianwen^1,2,3, KONG Qisen^1,3, ZENG Yaqi^3,4, LI Linling^1,2, ZHANG Yaang^1,2, REN Wanlu¹, WANG Chuankun¹, YAO Runchen¹, YAO Xinkui^1,2,3

1. College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Equine Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China;
3. Institute of Horse Industry, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
4. Xinjiang Dr. Horse Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2019-09-05 Online:2020-03-20 Published:2020-03-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在分析研究调教训练不同阶段对伊犁马1 km速步赛肢体角度的影响。选取2岁龄伊犁马8匹为试验对象，通过开展为期3个月的1 km速步训练，在训练开始前及开始后每个月组织速步测试赛，采用视频分析运动过程中直道和弯道马匹最大肢体开张角度、最小收缩角度和肢体角度极差，并对不同调教训练阶段肢体角度变化进行差异性分析。结果显示，在直道运动中，肩关节角训练前肢体最大开张角、最小收缩角显著小于训练后3个月（P<0.05）；肘角和后球节角训练前最大开张角和角度极差极显著小于训练后3个月（P<0.01）；前飞节角、后飞节角训练前最小收缩角和角度极差与训练后3个月差异极显著（P<0.01）；前球节角训练前最大开张角、最小收缩角和角度极差均与训练后3个月差异极显著（P<0.01）。在弯道运动中，肩关节角训练前最大开张角显著大于训练后3个月（P<0.05）；肘角和前球节角训练前最小收缩角和角度极差与训练后3个月差异显著（P<0.05）；前飞节角训练前最小收缩角极显著大于训练后3个月（P<0.01），角度极差显著小于训练后3个月（P<0.05）；膝角训练前最大开张角和角度极差均极显著小于训练后3个月（P<0.01）；后飞结角训练前最小收缩角极显著大于训练后3个月（P<0.01），角度极差显著小于训练后3个月（P<0.05）。综上所述，调教训练可影响马匹运动过程中的肢体角度变化，提高马匹运动的稳定性和降低受伤风险。

关键词: 调教训练; 速步赛; 伊犁马; 肢体角度; 差异性分析

Abstract: This experiment aimed to analyze the effects of different training stages on the limb angle of the Yili horse in 1 km trotter.8 Two-year-old Yili horses were selected as the test subjects.Through the 1 km trotter training for three months,the trotter test race was organized before and after the training.The video analysis was used to analyze the maximum limb opening angle,the minimum contraction angle and the extreme difference of limb angle of straight and curved horses in the process of exercise,and the difference of limb angle changes in different training stages were analyzed.The results showed that in the straight movement,the maximum opening angle and minimum contraction angle of shoulder angle before training were significantly less than those after three months training (P<0.05).The maximum opening angle and angle range of the elbow and the back fetlock angle before training were extremely significantly smaller than those after the three months training (P<0.01).The carpus and tarsus angle of the minimum contraction angle and angle range were extremely significantly different from those after the three months training (P<0.01).The maximum opening angle,minimum contraction angle and angular range of the front fetlock angle before the training were extremely significantly different from those after the three months training (P<0.01).In the curve movement,the maximum opening angle of the shoulder angle was significantly greater than those before the three months training (P<0.05).The minimum contraction angle and angle range of the elbow angle and the front fetlock angle were significantly different from those before the three months training (P<0.05).The minimum contraction angle of the carpus angle was extremely significantly greater than that of the three months after training (P<0.01),the angle range of the carpus angle before the training was significantly greater than three months after training (P<0.05).The maximum opening angle and angle range of the carpus angle were significantly greater than those before the three months training (P<0.01).The minimum contraction angle of the stifle angle before training was extremely significantly less than that after training for three months (P<0.01),the maximum opening angle and the angle range of the tarsus angle was significant greater than those before the three months training (P<0.05).In summary,the training affects the change of limb angles during the movement of the horse,and improves the stability of the horse movement and reduces the risk of injury.

Key words: training; trotter; Yili horse; body angle; difference analysis

中图分类号:

S821.9⁺1

孟军, 王建文, 孔麒森, 曾亚琦, 李林玲, 张亚昂, 任万路, 王川坤, 姚闰晨, 姚新奎. 调教训练对伊犁马1 km速步赛肢体角度的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(3): 814-821.

MENG Jun, WANG Jianwen, KONG Qisen, ZENG Yaqi, LI Linling, ZHANG Yaang, REN Wanlu, WANG Chuankun, YAO Runchen, YAO Xinkui. Effect of Training on Body Angle in 1 km Trotter of Yili Horse[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(3): 814-821.

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调教训练对伊犁马1 km速步赛肢体角度的影响

Effect of Training on Body Angle in 1 km Trotter of Yili Horse

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