4种日粮对1岁伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2016.06.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在研究4种日粮对1岁伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标的影响。选用平均体重为(227.38± 16.48)kg的1岁伊犁马16匹,随机分为2组,每组8匹,采用分期分组的试验方法,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组。试验Ⅰ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草8 kg/d、颗粒精料0 kg/d;试验Ⅱ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草7 kg/d、颗粒精料1 kg/d;试验Ⅲ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草6.3 kg/d、颗粒精料1.7 kg/d;试验Ⅳ组每匹马饲喂苜蓿干草5.6 kg/d、颗粒精料2.4 kg/d。进行21 d的消化代谢试验,其中预试期15 d,正试期6 d。结果表明,1岁伊犁马对干物质、有机物、粗蛋白质、磷的消化率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加呈增长趋势,而中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、钙的消化率呈下降趋势;消化能、代谢能随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加呈增长趋势(P > 0.05);氮沉积量、氮沉积率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而增长,其中试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ组氮沉积量、氮沉积率极显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P < 0.01);钙沉积量、钙沉积率随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而降低,且试验Ⅰ组极显著高于试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组(P < 0.01);磷沉积量随日粮中颗粒精料水平的增加而极显著增加(P < 0.01);各组血浆中总蛋白含量差异不显著(P > 0.05),但试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血浆尿素氮含量均低于试验Ⅰ组(P > 0.05)。综合1岁伊犁马对4种日粮的消化代谢情况及血液生化指标,1岁伊犁马粗蛋白质适宜需要量为14.28 g/kg代谢体重,可消化蛋白适宜需要量为9.16 g/kg代谢体重,代谢能适宜需要量为1.74 MJ/kg代谢体重,消化能适宜需要量为1.41 MJ/kg代谢体重。

关键词: 伊犁马; 日粮; 消化代谢; 血液生化指标

Abstract: Effects of four kinds of diets on nutrient digestion and metabolism and blood biochemical indexes of one-year-old Yili horse were studied in this experiment.16 health horses(all males) with an average body weight of (227.38±16.48)kg and similar age (one-year old) were used in a staging and grouping experiment design.First stage had groupsⅠ and Ⅱ,second stage had groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ.The horses of group Ⅰ were fed with alfalfa 8 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 0 kg/d; The horses of group Ⅱ were fed with alfalfa 7 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 1 kg/d;The horses of group Ⅲ were fed with alfalfa 6.3 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 1.7 kg/d;The horses of group Ⅳ were fed with alfalfa 5.6 kg/d,pelleted concentrate 2.4 kg/d.Each stage lasted for 21 d (15 d pretrial period and 6 d trial period).The results showed that the digestibility of DM,OM,CP and P were increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate,while the digestibility of NDF,ADF and Ca showed downtrend.DE and ME were significantly increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate (P > 0.05).N retention and retention rate showed an increasing tendency,N retention and retention rate of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were extremely significant higher than those in group Ⅰ (P < 0.01).Ca retention and retention rate decreased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate,and Ca retention and retention rate of group Ⅰ were extremely significant higher than those in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P < 0.01).P retention was extremely significant increased with increasing of feed levels of pelleted concentrate (P < 0.01).There were no significant difference in the content of TP among all trial groups (P > 0.05),but the content of BUN in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were lower than those in group Ⅰ (P > 0.05).Thus,comprehensive nutrient digestion and metabolism,blood biochemical indicators of four of kinds diets in one-year-old Yili horse,the requirement of crude protein,digestible protein,metabolizable energy,digestible energy were 14.28,9.16 g/(kg·BW) and 1.74,1.41 MJ/(kg·BW),respectively.

Key words: Yili horse; diet; digestion and metabolism; blood biochemical indexes

中图分类号:

S815.1

赵芳, 聂彪彪, 李晓斌, 邓海峰, 马军, 杨开伦. 4种日粮对1岁伊犁马消化代谢、血液生化指标的影响[J]. , 2016, 43(6): 1481-1488.

ZHAO Fang, NIE Biao-biao, LI Xiao-bin, DENG Hai-feng, MA Jun, YANG Kai-lun. Effects of Four Kinds of Diets on Nutrient Digestion,Metabolism and Blood Biochemical Indexes of One-year-old Yili Horse[J]. , 2016, 43(6): 1481-1488.

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