不同饲养方式对江城牛肉品质的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.12.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在研究不同饲养方式对江城牛肉品质的影响，获得江城牛最优肉品质的饲养方式。选取年龄在2.5岁左右、健康状况良好的24头江城牛，其中公牛9头、母牛15头，根据性别随机分成3组，每组8头（公牛3头、母牛5头），第1、2组舍饲，在自由采食全株玉米青贮的基础上，每头牛每天分别补饲肉牛精料补充料2 kg（精料补充料组）和浓缩料1 kg（浓缩料组），第3组在人工草地上放牧饲养（放牧组），饲养90 d后从精料补充料组和浓缩料组分别选4头，从放牧组选6头，公母各半，共14头进行屠宰试验，测定江城牛的肉品质。结果表明，不同饲养方式对江城牛肉品质有一定影响，补饲精料补充料和浓缩料后，江城牛在失水率、剪切力、粗脂肪、粗蛋白质方面与放牧组存在显著差异（P<0.05），其他成分各组间差异均不显著（P>0.05），但眼肌面积、背膘厚度、大理石花纹等表现为补饲了精料补充料和浓缩料的牛肉品质优于放牧组。不同饲养方式对江城牛肉品质有一定的影响，补充精料补充料和浓缩料后，在肉品质方面，精料补充料组和浓缩料组优于放牧组。说明在饲养过程中可以通过补充精料补充料和浓缩料改善江城牛的肉品质。本研究结果为江城牛的合理饲养和提高肉品质提供了理论依据。

关键词: 江城牛; 饲养方式; 肉品质; 营养成分

Abstract: The aim was to study the effects of different feeding methods on the quality of Jiangcheng beef,and obtain the best meat quality of Jiangcheng beef.24 Jiangcheng beef aged about 2.5 years old and in good health were selected,including 9 bulls and 15 cows,which were randomly divided into 3 groups according to sex,8 in each group (3 bulls and 5 cows).The first and second groups were fed in house.On the basis of free feeding of whole plant corn silage,each cow was fed with concentrate supplement 2 kg (concentrate supplement group) and concentrate 1 kg (concentrate group) per day.The third group was fed on artificial grassland (grazing group).After 90 days of feeding,4 beefs were selected from concentrate supplement and concentrated groups,6 beefs were selected from grazing group,half male and half female,a total of 14 slaughtering experiments were carried out to determine the meat quality of Jiangcheng beef.The results showed that different feeding methods had a certain effect on the quality of Jiangcheng beef.After feeding concentrate supplement and concentrated feed,there were significant differences in water loss rate,shear force,crude fat and crude protein among concentrate supplement,concentrated and grazing groups (P<0.05),but there were no significant differences among other components (P>0.05).However,the beef quality of concentrate supplement and concentrate groups were better than that of grazing group,such as eye muscle area,backfat thickness,marbling pattern,and so on.Different feeding methods had a certain effect on the quality of Jiangcheng beef.After supplementing concentrate supplement and concentrate,the concentrate supplement and concentrate groups were better than grazing group in meat quality.The results showed that the meat quality of Jiangcheng beef could be improved by supplementing concentrate supplement and concentrate in the process of feeding,and the development of meat performance had a good prospect.The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for reasonable feeding and improving meat quality of Jiangcheng beef.

Key words: Jiangcheng beef; feeding method; meat quality; nutrient content

中图分类号:

S823

和世春, 程月, 李清, 张焕芳, 徐正宏, 吴东旺, 胡成龙, 杨舒黎, 毛华明. 不同饲养方式对江城牛肉品质的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2019, 46(12): 3555-3562.

HE Shichun, CHENG Yue, LI Qing, ZHANG Huanfang, XU Zhenghong, WU Dongwang, HU Chenglong, YANG Shuli, MAO Huaming. Effects of Different Feeding Methods on the Quality of Jiangcheng Beef[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2019, 46(12): 3555-3562.

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