饲粮中添加辣椒素对产蛋后期长顺绿壳蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、卵泡发育及生殖激素水平的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2024.10.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探讨饲粮中添加不同水平辣椒素(capsaicin，CAP)对产蛋后期长顺绿壳蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、卵泡发育及生殖激素水平的影响，并估算CAP在产蛋后期蛋鸡饲粮中适宜的添加剂量。【方法】选取56周龄开产日龄相近且健康状况良好的长顺绿壳蛋鸡500只，随机分为5个处理组，每个处理10个重复，每个重复10只鸡。其中，试验Ⅰ组鸡饲喂基础饲粮(0 mg/kg CAP)，试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ及Ⅴ组鸡分别饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加100、150、200及400 mg/kg CAP的饲粮。试验期8周。试验结束后，统计蛋鸡产蛋性能和蛋品质；采集血液及卵巢组织，测定生殖器官发育指标及血清中生殖激素含量。【结果】与试验Ⅰ组相比，①试验Ⅱ～Ⅴ组蛋鸡试验期1~4、5~8及1~8周产蛋率及日产蛋重均显著升高，试验期1~4及1~8周蛋鸡的平均日采食量均显著升高(P＜0.05)。②试验期第4周试验Ⅱ～Ⅴ组鸡蛋的蛋黄颜色显著提升，但试验期第8周仅试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组鸡蛋的蛋黄颜色显著提升(P＜0.05)；试验期第4、8周试验Ⅱ组鸡蛋的哈氏单位显著升高，而试验期第4周试验Ⅲ组鸡蛋的哈氏单位显著升高(P＜0.05)。③试验Ⅱ～Ⅴ组蛋鸡的卵巢、大黄卵泡及小黄卵泡的相对重均显著升高(P＜0.05)；试验Ⅱ～Ⅳ组蛋鸡的小黄卵泡数量及血清中促卵泡生成素、黄体生成素、孕酮及雌二醇含量均显著升高(P＜0.05)。【结论】饲粮中添加CAP有利于提高产蛋后期长顺绿壳蛋鸡产蛋性能，改善蛋品质，促进蛋鸡卵泡发育，并增加生殖激素水平，且以242～281 mg/kg添加量较佳。

关键词: 辣椒素; 长顺绿壳蛋鸡; 产蛋性能; 卵泡发育; 生殖激素

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of capsaicin (CAP) supplementation on production performance，egg quality，follicle development and reproductive hormones of Changshun Green-shell laying hens at the late laying period，and estimate the appropriate dose of CAP in diet of laying hens. 【Method】 Five hundred Changshun Green-shell laying hens (56 weeks of age) were chose and randomly allocated into 5 treatments，containing 10 replicates per treatment and 10 hens per replicate. Hens in group Ⅰ were supplied with the basal diet，and those in groups Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ and Ⅴ were separately fed with diets containing 100，150，200 and 400 mg/kg CAP based on the basal diet. The experimental period was 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment，the production performance and egg quality of hens were determined，the blood and ovarian tissue were collected to determine the levels of reproductive hormones and the indicators of reproductive organ development. 【Result】 Compared with group Ⅰ，①The laying rate and egg mass of hens in groups Ⅱ-Ⅴ were significantly increased at 1-4，5-8 and 1-8 weeks of the experimental period (P＜0.05). The average daily feed intake of hens at 1-4 and 5-8 weeks of the experimental period were significantly increased (P＜0.05). ② The yolk color of eggs in groups Ⅱ-Ⅴ was significantly enhanced at the 4th week of the experimental period，while at the 8th week of the experimental period，the yolk color of eggs was significantly improved only in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P＜0.05). Besides，the Haugh unit of eggs in group Ⅱ was significantly improved at the 4th and 8th week of the experimental period (P＜0.05). In addition，the Haugh unit of eggs in group Ⅲ was significantly improved at the 4th week of the experimental period (P＜0.05). ③The relative weights of ovarium，large yellow follicles and small yellow follicles of hens in groups Ⅱ-Ⅴ were significantly increased (P＜0.05). Moreover，the number of small yellow follicles，and the contents of follicle-stimulating hormone，luteinizing hormone，progesterone and estradiol-17 β in serum of hens in groups Ⅱ-Ⅳ were significantly increased (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Taken together，dietary CAP supplementation contributed to improving the production performance and egg quality，promoting follicle development and increasing the levels of productive hormone in Changshun Green-shell laying hens at the late laying period，and the better addition dose was 242-281 mg/kg.

Key words: capsaicin; Changshun Green-shell laying hens; production performance; follicle development; reproductive hormone

中图分类号:

S816.7

张柏林, 刘宁, 王珍梅, 王述柏. 饲粮中添加辣椒素对产蛋后期长顺绿壳蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、卵泡发育及生殖激素水平的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2024, 51(10): 4282-4291.

HANG Bolin, LIU Ning, WANG Zhenmei, WANG Shubai. Effects of Capsaicin Supplementation on Production Performance，Egg Quality， Follicle Development and Reproductive Hormones of Changshun Green-shell Laying Hen at the Late Laying Period[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2024, 51(10): 4282-4291.

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