大豆异黄酮的生物学功能及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2025.05.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大豆异黄酮是豆科植物产生的一类次生代谢产物，具有抗癌、预防心血管疾病和改善骨骼健康等多种生物学功能，最早多被应用在医药食品行业。进一步研究发现，大豆异黄酮在提高动物生长性能、改善繁殖性能和畜产品品质等方面发挥着积极作用。因此，大豆异黄酮作为一种绿色、安全、高效的饲料添加剂被广泛应用在畜牧行业。大豆异黄酮是一种含有12种组分的多酚结构混合物，其中游离型的苷元结构与雌激素的化学结构相似，能够发挥类雌激素作用，特别是大豆异黄酮中的大豆苷元和染料木素能够改善种用动物的繁殖性能。另外，大豆异黄酮还具有良好的抗氧化作用，在畜禽生产中表现出较大的应用潜力。但是大豆异黄酮在畜禽不同生长阶段的添加量、影响畜禽生长性能差异的原因等尚不明确。作者介绍了大豆异黄酮的结构和理化性质、吸收代谢、生物学功能及其在动物生产中的应用，并提出了大豆异黄酮在使用过程中存在的问题和未来的研究重点，以期为大豆异黄酮在畜牧生产中的进一步开发利用提供参考。

关键词: 大豆异黄酮; 生物学功能; 动物生产; 应用

Abstract: Soy isoflavones are a type of secondary metabolite produced by leguminous plants，which have various biological functions,including anti-cancer properties,prevention of cardiovascular diseases,and improvement of bone health.Initially,they were primarily utilized in the pharmaceutical and food industries.Subsequent research revealed that soy isoflavones play a positive role in enhancing animal growth performance,improving reproductive performance,and enhancing the quality of livestock products.Consequently,soy isoflavones have been widely used in the livestock industry as a green,safe,and efficient feed additive.Soy isoflavones are a polyphenolic mixture consisting of 12 components,with the aglycone structure of the free form being chemically similar to estrogen,enabling it to exert estrogen-like effects.Particularly,the aglycone and daidzein in soy isoflavones can improve reproductive performance in breeding animals.Additionally,soy isoflavones possess strong antioxidant properties,showing significant potential for application in livestock and poultry production.However,the optimal supplementation levels of soy isoflavones at different growth stages of livestock and poultry,as well as the reasons for their varying effects on growth performance,remain unclear.The author introduces the structure and physicochemical properties,absorption and metabolism,biological functions,and applications of soy isoflavones in animal production.It also addresses the current issues in the use of soy isoflavones and highlights future research priorities,with the aim of providing a reference for the further development and utilization of soy isoflavones in livestock production.

Key words: soy isoflavones; biological function; animal production; application

中图分类号:

S816.7

唐煌尧, 张伟, 魏浩, 王斐英, 廖小翠, 张珍誉. 大豆异黄酮的生物学功能及其在动物生产中的应用研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2025, 52(5): 2157-2165.

TANG Huangyao, ZHANG Wei, WEI Hao, WANG Feiying, LIAO Xiaocui, ZHANG Zhenyu. Research Progress on Biological Functions of Soy Isoflavones and Its Application in Animal Production[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2025, 52(5): 2157-2165.

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