荷斯坦牛与娟姗牛体尺性状生长曲线的比较研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.12.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究荷斯坦牛和娟姗牛的生长发育规律及其品种间的差异。【方法】试验测定了山西和河北2个规模化奶牛场的96头荷斯坦牛和225头娟姗牛的鬐甲高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围4个体尺性状。利用Logistic、Gompertz、Bertalanffy和Brody模型对4个体尺性状进行生长曲线拟合分析,获得不同生长模型中生长参数A、B、K的估计值。选取决定系数(coefficient of determination,R²)最大的模型为3个试验群体(山西牧场荷斯坦牛、山西牧场娟姗牛和河北牧场娟姗牛)各体尺性状的最佳拟合模型。【结果】荷斯坦牛和娟姗牛鬐甲高(R²≥0.939)和十字部高(R²≥0.886)生长曲线的最佳拟合模型均为Brody模型;对于体斜长性状(R²≥0.942),荷斯坦牛的最佳拟合模型为Bertalanffy模型,娟姗牛的最佳模型为Brody模型;对于胸围性状(R²≥0.930),山西牧场荷斯坦牛、山西牧场娟姗牛和河北牧场娟姗牛的最佳拟合模型分别为Brody、Bertalanffy和Logistic模型。相同日龄下,山西牧场荷斯坦牛各项体尺性状估计值均高于娟姗牛。随着日龄的增加,两个奶牛品种各体尺估计值的差值逐渐增大,荷斯坦牛和娟姗牛成熟鬐甲高估计值分别为155.8和123.9 cm,成熟十字部高估计值分别为161.2和133.1 cm,成熟体斜长估计值分别为168.6和147.1 cm,成熟胸围估计值分别为210.9和186.3 cm。【结论】荷斯坦牛和娟姗牛具有不同的生长模式,研究不同品种奶牛的生长发育规律并加以利用,有助于提高饲养管理水平。

关键词: 荷斯坦牛; 娟姗牛; 体尺; 生长曲线拟合

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study was to understand the growth and development patterns differences between Holstein and Jersey cattle.【Method】 The study measured four body measurements,including withers height,hip height,body length,and chest girth of 96 Holstein and 225 Jersey cattle from two herds in Shanxi and Hebei provinces.Four nonlinear growth models,Logistic,Gompertz,Bertalanffy and Brody models,were used to fit growth curves for four body measurements,and the estimated values of the growth parameters A,B,and K were obtained from different growth models.The model with the largest coefficient of determination (R²) was selected as the best fitting model for each body measurements trait of the three test groups,Holstein cattle from Shanxi,Jersey cattle from Shanxi and Jersey cattle from Hebei.【Result】 The best fit model for the growth curves of body height (R²≥0.939) and neck height (R²≥0.886) of Holstein and Jersey cattle was Brody model.For body length (R²≥0.942),the Bertalanffy model and the Brody model were selected as the best fit models for Holstein and Jersey cattle,respectively.The superiority of the Brody,Bertalanffy,and Logistic models was identified for growth curve modeling of chest girth (R²≥0.930) for Holstein cattle from Shanxi,Jersey cattle from Shanxi and Jersey cattle from Hebei,respectively.At the same age,the estimated values of each body measurement for Holstein cattle from Shanxi were higher than those of Jersey cattle from Shanxi,with the differences between two breeds gradually increasing with age.The estimated value for mature withers height was 155.8 cm for Holstein cattle and 123.9 cm for Jersey cattle,mature hip height was 161.2 cm for Holstein cattle and 133.1 cm for Jersey cattle,mature body length was 168.6 cm for Holstein cattle and 147.1 cm for Jersey cattle,and mature chest girth was 210.9 cm for Holstein cattle and 186.3 cm for Jersey cattle.【Conclusion】 Holstein and Jersey cattle had different growth patterns,which provide a better understanding of growth and development in Holstein and Jersey cattle and contribute valuable insights for feeding management.

Key words: Holstein cattle; Jersey cattle; body measurement; growth curve fitting

中图分类号:

S823.8

安松岩, 常瑶, 陈群, 吉虹锦, 杜泽, 杨若钰, 许静漪, 马烨桦, 俞英, 王雅春. 荷斯坦牛与娟姗牛体尺性状生长曲线的比较研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(12): 4947-4957.

AN Songyan, CHANG Yao, CHEN Qun, JI Hongjin, DU Ze, YANG Ruoyu, XU Jingyi, MA Yehua, YU Ying, WANG Yachun. Comparative Study on Growth Curve of Body Measurements Between Holstein and Jersey Cattle[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(12): 4947-4957.

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