大豆异黄酮对黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋、繁殖性能及血浆生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.11.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究饲粮中添加大豆异黄酮（soy isoflavone，SIF）对产蛋期黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、繁殖器官发育、孵化性能和血浆生化指标的影响，为SIF在肉种母鸡养殖中的合理应用提供参考数据。【方法】选用192只健康且体重和产蛋率接近的岭南黄羽肉种母鸡（快大型，21周龄），分为4个处理，其中第1组为对照组（基础饲粮），第2~4组在基础饲粮中添加5、15、25 mg/kg SIF，每组6个重复，每个重复8只鸡，试验期从25周龄开始至35周龄结束，共10周。试验期间，按重复记录每天采食量、产蛋数、产蛋重；34~35周龄时，每组选取50枚种蛋孵化，测定孵化性能；35周龄时，每个组随机选取24枚种蛋进行蛋品质测定，每个重复选取2只试验鸡进行采血和样品采集，测定繁殖器官发育和血浆生化指标。【结果】SIF对黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋率、平均蛋重、日蛋重及料蛋比均无显著影响（P>0.05）；饲粮中添加SIF可以显著降低不合格蛋率，其中25 mg/kg SIF组的不合格蛋率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。饲粮中添加SIF可以显著提高蛋壳强度和蛋黄颜色，其中5和25 mg/kg SIF组的蛋黄颜色显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；5 mg/kg SIF组的蛋壳强度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。饲粮中添加SIF可以显著降低肉种母鸡腹脂率，其中SIF 25 mg/kg组的腹脂率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。饲粮中添加SIF可以显著降低肉种母鸡血浆中丙二醛（malondialdehyde，MDA）和胆固醇（cholesterol，CHO）含量、提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathioneperoxidase，GSH-Px）活性，其中25 mg/kg SIF组的MDA含量显著低于对照组；5和15 mg/kg SIF组的CHO含量显著低于对照组；5、15和25 mg/kg SIF组的GSH-Px活性均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。【结论】饲粮中添加SIF能够提高黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋性能、改善种蛋品质，提高机体抗氧化能力。黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋期SIF推荐添加剂量为25 mg/kg。

关键词: 黄羽肉种母鸡; 大豆异黄酮; 繁殖器官; 蛋品质; 孵化性能

Abstract: 【Objective】 The experiment was to study the effects of dietary soy isoflavone (SIF) on laying performance, egg quality, reproductive organ development, hatching performance and plasma biochemical indices of Yellow-feathered broiler breeder hens during laying period, in order to provide data reference for application of soy isoflavone in broiler hens.【Method】 One hundred and ninety-two healthy 21-week-old LingnanYellow-feathered broiler breeder hens were randomly assigned to 4 groups.Each group had 6 replicates with 8 hens per replicate.Broilers in control group were fed basal diet, and groups 2 to 4 were supplemented with SIF in the basal diet, and the supplemental levels were 5, 15 and 25 mg/kg, respectively.The experiment lasted for 10 weeks from 25 to 35 weeks of age.During the experiment, the daily feed intake, egg number and egg weight were repeatedly recorded.At 34 to 35 weeks of age, 50 eggs in each group were selected for incubation to determine the hatching performance.At 35 weeks of age, 24 eggs were randomly selected from each group for egg quality measurement, and 2 chickens from each replicate were selected for blood and sample collection to determine reproductive organ development and plasma biochemical indices.【Result】 SIF had no significant effects on laying rate, average egg weight, daily egg weight and ratio of feed to egg of Yellow-feathered breeder hens (P>0.05).Dietary SIF significantly reduced the unqualified egg rate, and it was significantly lower in 25 mg/kg SIF group than that in control group (P<0.05).Dietary SIF significantly improved eggshell strength and yolk color, and yolk color in SIF 5 and 25 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), the eggshell strength of SIF 5 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).Dietary SIF significantly reduced the percentage of abdominal fat, and it was significantly lower in SIF 25 mg/kg group than that in control group (P<0.05).Dietary SIF significantly reduced the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and cholesterol (CHO), while increased the activity of glutathioneperoxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma, and the content of MDA in 25 mg/kg SIF group was significantly lower than that in control group. The content of CHO in 5 and 15 mg/kg SIF group were significantly lower than that in control group, and the activities of GSH-Px in 5, 15 and 25 mg/kg SIF groups were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Dietary SIF could reduce unqualified egg rate, improve egg quality, reduce abdominal fat percentage, decrease the contents of MDA and CHO, increase the activity of GSH-Px in plasma.The suitable supplemental level of SIF in laying period of Yellow-feathered broiler breeder hens was 25 mg/kg.

Key words: Yellow-feathered broiler breeder hens; soy isoflavone; reproductive organ; egg quality; hatching performance

中图分类号:

S816.7

林厦菁, 苟钟勇, 范秋丽, 叶金玲, 王一冰, 蒋守群. 大豆异黄酮对黄羽肉种母鸡产蛋、繁殖性能及血浆生化指标的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(11): 4454-4462.

LIN Xiajing, GOU Zhongyong, FAN Qiuli, YE Jinling, WANG Yibing, JIANG Shouqun. Effects of Soy Isoflavone on Laying and Reproductive Performance, Plasma Biochemical Indices of Lingnan Yellow-feathered Broiler Breeder Hens[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(11): 4454-4462.

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