草食动物免疫球蛋白表达谱及其多样性机制研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.08.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 草食动物的抗病育种研究正由传统育种转向分子水平,其免疫系统中的抗体具有十分独特的结构和多样性产生机制,丰富的抗体库是草食动物抗病力形成的重要基础。抗体由免疫球蛋白构成,免疫球蛋白具有重链和轻链,并且各个草食动物的免疫球蛋白结构和多样性机制存在一定差异。虽然草食动物免疫球蛋白基因数量有限,但是多种形式的多样性机制促成了其丰富抗体库的形成,进一步增强了动物的免疫能力。目前草食动物在养殖场中的病死率较高,其免疫水平的提升迫在眉睫,因此对其免疫球蛋白结构和多样性机制的研究十分重要。作者介绍了免疫球蛋白的基本结构和几种不同的类型,并简述了牛、羊、兔、骆驼这4种草食动物免疫球蛋白的基因结构及其表达多样性机制,旨在为其抗病育种研究提供相关的理论依据和研究思路。

关键词: 草食动物; 免疫球蛋白; 表达谱; 表达机制; 纳米抗体

Abstract: The research on disease resistance breeding of herbivores is shifting from traditional breeding to molecular level.The antibodies in the immune system of herbivores have a very unique structure and diversity generation mechanism,and the rich antibody library is an important basis for the formation of disease resistance of herbivores.Antibody is composed of immunoglobulin,which has heavy chain and light chain,and the structure and diversity mechanism of immunoglobulin are different among herbivores.Although the number of immunoglobulin genes in herbivores is limited,the diverse mechanisms in various forms contribute to the formation of rich antibody libraries,which further enhance the immune capacity of animals.At present,the case fatality rate of herbivores in farms is relatively high,and the improvement of their immune levels is urgent.Therefore,it is very important to study the structure and diversity mechanism of their immunoglobulin.The author introduces the basic structure and different types of immunoglobulin,and briefly describe the gene structure and expression diversity mechanism of immunoglobulin in four herbivores:Cattle,sheep,rabbit and camel,in order to provide relevant theoretical basis and research ideas for the breeding of disease resistance.

Key words: herbivore; immunoglobulin; expression profile; expression mechanism; nano antibodies

中图分类号:

S852.4

雷逸辰, 王紫腾, 江钧益, 王淑辉, 孙秀柱. 草食动物免疫球蛋白表达谱及其多样性机制研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(8): 3313-3324.

LEI Yichen, WANG Ziteng, JIANG Junyi, WANG Shuhui, SUN Xiuzhu. Advances on Expression Profile and Diversity Mechanisms of Immunoglobulins in Herbivore[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(8): 3313-3324.

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