CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术在绵羊中的应用研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.11.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着基因编辑技术的迅速发展，研究者利用基因编辑技术在越来越多的领域中取得了许多突破性的进展。目前，众多的基因编辑工具中CRISPR/Cas9（clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9）系统应用最为广泛。CRISPR/Cas9及其衍生出的碱基编辑器（base editor，BE）和先导编辑器（prime editor，PE）系统使研究者可以在目标基因组中简单、高效地完成碱基的删除、插入和替换等修饰。CRISPR/Cas9相关基因编辑技术在生产具有特定遗传特征的动物方面有巨大的潜在价值。绵羊作为具有许多重要经济性状的家畜，是理想的基因工程研究大动物模型。CRISPR/Cas9相关基因编辑技术已经用于绵羊基因组工程研究，如生产具有优良特性的品种，利用乳腺生产疾病治疗药物，构建用于人类疾病和再生医学研究的动物模型。作者从CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术的原理出发，着重阐述了利用CRISPR/Cas9系统进行基因编辑的具体流程，并概述了CRISPR/Cas9系统在绵羊研究和生产中的应用情况。

关键词: CRISPR/Cas9系统; 基因编辑; 绵羊

Abstract: With the rapid development of genome editing tools, many significant breakthroughs have been achieved in numerous fields.Among the current gene editing tools, the CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9)-based system is the most widely used in researches.CRISPR/Cas9 and its derived systems, base editor (BE) and prime editor (PE), enable researchers to easily and efficiently accomplish desired modification in genomes, such as deletion, insertion and substitution.CRISPR/Cas9-based systems have great potential in producing animals with specific genetic characteristics.Sheep are economically important livestock which has great potential as ideal large animal models for genome engineering.CRISPR/Cas9-based systems have been utilized in sheep genome engineering for generating superior agricultural breeds, expression of therapeutic agents in mammary glands, and developing animal models for human disease and regenerative medicine research.Starting from the principle of CRISPR/Cas9-based systems, the author focused on the specific process of genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9-based systems, and summarized the application of CRISPR/Cas9-based systems in research and production of sheep.

Key words: CRISPR/Cas9-based systems; genome editing; sheep

中图分类号:

S813.3

徐鑫, 刘明军. CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术在绵羊中的应用研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(11): 4129-4138.

XU Xin, LIU Mingjun. Research Progress on Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing Systems in Sheep[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(11): 4129-4138.

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