大麦虫粉对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、肠道结构和菌群组成的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.02.016

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2022, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (2): 548-558.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2022.02.016

大麦虫粉对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、肠道结构和菌群组成的影响

余亲平¹, 黄静宇², 张翠萍³, 刘静¹, 黄远彬⁴, 俞婷¹, 张晓爱¹, 王蕾¹, 陈进胜⁵, 陈文卿⁵, 王志林¹, 陈庄¹, 容庭⁶

1. 广东省农业科学院农业生物基因研究中心, 广东省农作物种质资源保存与利用重点实验室, 广州 510640;
2. 广州智特奇生物科技股份有限公司, 广州 510700;
3. 广东海大集团, 广州 511400;
4. 广东虫虫生物科技有限公司, 广州 511462;
5. 饶平县动物卫生监督所, 潮州 515700;
6. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640

收稿日期:2021-06-30 发布日期:2022-01-27
通讯作者: 陈庄, 容庭 E-mail:917800365@qq.com;155320782@qq.com
作者简介:余亲平,E-mail:2534855563@qq.com
基金资助:
院长基金项目(BZ201910);江门市科技项目(江科[2020]182号); 科技创新战略专项资金(202110TD、R2020PY-JC001)

Effects of Barley Worm Meal on Growth Performance, Intestinal Structure and Microflora Composition of Yellow-feathered Broilers

YU Qinping¹, HUANG Jingyu², ZHANG Cuiping³, LIU Jing¹, HUANG Yuanbin⁴, YU Ting¹, ZHANG Xiaoai¹, WANG Lei¹, CHEN Jinsheng⁵, CHEN Wenqing⁵, WANG Zhilin¹, CHEN Zhuang¹, RONG Ting⁶

1. Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Crop Germplasm Resources in Guangdong Province, Agricultural Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. Guangzhou Zhiteqi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510700, China;
3. Guangdong Haida Group, Guangzhou 511400, China;
4. Guangdong Chongchong Biotecnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511462, China;
5. Raoping Animal Health Supervision Institute, Chaozhou 515700, China;
6. State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received:2021-06-30 Published:2022-01-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究大麦虫粉对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、肠道结构和菌群组成的影响。【方法】选择平均体重(BW)为(30.03±0.23)g的1日龄健康的黄羽肉鸡216只, 随机分为3组, 每组6个重复, 每个重复12只, 分别饲喂以下3种饲粮: 基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+1%大麦虫粉及基础饲粮+3%大麦虫粉。各组饲粮营养水平相同, 试验期为63 d。分别统计21、42和63日龄各处理各阶段的平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、体重(BW)、料重比(F/G)和死淘率。试验鸡于63日龄屠宰, 取十二指肠、空肠、回肠组织用于测量肠段长度和肠道结构, 取回肠中段内容物和盲肠内容物用于菌群组成分析。【结果】与对照组相比, 1~21日龄ADG及21日龄BW、ADFI、料重比和死淘率均无显著性差异(P>0.05);22~42日龄, 1%和3%大麦虫粉组ADG和42日龄BW均显著增加(P<0.05), 料重比显著降低(P<0.05);43~63日龄, 1%大麦虫粉组63日龄BW显著增加(P<0.05), 3%大麦虫粉组ADFI显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比, 21日龄时, 1%和3%大麦虫粉组盲肠长度均显著增加(P<0.05);42日龄时, 3%大麦虫粉组十二指肠长度显著增加(P<0.05);63日龄时, 各处理组十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠长度差异均不显著(P>0.05), 且1%大麦虫组十二指肠、空肠和回肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度和绒隐比差异均不显著(P>0.05)。肠道微生物菌群组成上, 对照组和1%大麦虫粉组回肠中优势菌群依次是乳杆菌属、罗氏杆菌属和拟杆菌属, 盲肠中优势菌属依次是拟杆菌属、Alistipes属和乳杆菌属; 与对照组相比, 1%大麦虫粉组回肠中乳杆菌属、拟杆菌属和Alistipes属比例上升, 罗氏杆菌属下降; 1%大麦虫粉组盲肠中拟杆菌属和Alistipes属比例上升, 乳杆菌属和罗氏杆菌属下降。【结论】添加适量大麦虫粉能够改善黄羽肉鸡的生产性能和消化道发育, 其具有调控肠道微生物菌群组成和抑菌作用。

关键词: 大麦虫粉; 黄羽肉鸡; 生长性能; 肠道结构

Abstract: 【Objective】 This study was conducted to investigate the effects of barley worm meal on growth performance, intestinal structure and microflora composition of Yellow-feathered broilers.【Method】 A total of 216 one-day-old healthy Yellow-feathered broilers with an average body weight (BW) of (30.03±0.23) g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates and 12 broilers per replicate.The animals were fed with the following diets: basal diet (control group), basal diet +1% barley worm meal and basal diet +3% barley worm meal groups.The nutrient level of each group was the same, and the experimental period was 63 days.The average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), body weight (BW), feed weight ratio (F/G) and death rate of 21, 42 and 63 days old treatments were counted respectively.At 63 days old, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were slaughtered to measure the length and structure of intestinal segment, and the contents of ileum and cecum were taken for flora composition analysis.【Result】 Compared with control group, there was no significant difference in ADG of 1 to 21 days old, as well as BW, ADFI, F/G and death rate of 21 days old (P > 0.05).ADG of 22 to 42 days old and BW of 42 days old were increased significantly in 1% and 3% barley worm meal groups (P < 0.05), while F/G was decreased significantly (P < 0.05).At 43-63 days old, BW was increased significantly at 63 days in 1% barley worm meal group (P < 0.05), and ADFI was decreased significantly in 3% barley worm meal group (P < 0.05).Compared with control group, the length of cecum in 1% and 3% barley worm meal groups was increased significantly at 21 days od (P < 0.05), the length of duodenum in 3% barley worm meal group increased significantly at 42 days old (P < 0.05), there was no significant difference in the length of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum among the treatment groups at 63 days old (P > 0.05), the villus height, recess depth and villus ratio of duodenum, jejunum and ileum in 1% barley worm group were not significantly different (P > 0.05).In terms of the composition of intestinal microbiota, the dominant bacteria in ileum of control group and 1% barley worm meal group were Lactobacillus, Rochebacillus and Bacteroides, and the dominant bacteria in the cecum were Bacteroides, Alistipes and Lactobacillus. Compared with control group, the proportion of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Alistipes in the ileum of 1% barley worm meal group increased, and the proportion of Roche decreased.The proportion of Bacteroides and Alistipes in cecum increased, while Lactobacillus and Roche decreased in the 1% barley worm meal group.【Conclusion】 Adding appropriate amount of barley worm meal could improve the production performance and digestive tract development of Yellow-feathered broilers, which could regulate the composition of intestinal microflora and bacteriostasis.

Key words: barley worm meal; Yellow-feathered broiler; growth performance; intestinal structure

中图分类号:

S831.5

余亲平, 黄静宇, 张翠萍, 刘静, 黄远彬, 俞婷, 张晓爱, 王蕾, 陈进胜, 陈文卿, 王志林, 陈庄, 容庭. 大麦虫粉对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、肠道结构和菌群组成的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2022, 49(2): 548-558.

YU Qinping, HUANG Jingyu, ZHANG Cuiping, LIU Jing, HUANG Yuanbin, YU Ting, ZHANG Xiaoai, WANG Lei, CHEN Jinsheng, CHEN Wenqing, WANG Zhilin, CHEN Zhuang, RONG Ting. Effects of Barley Worm Meal on Growth Performance, Intestinal Structure and Microflora Composition of Yellow-feathered Broilers[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(2): 548-558.

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大麦虫粉对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、肠道结构和菌群组成的影响

Effects of Barley Worm Meal on Growth Performance, Intestinal Structure and Microflora Composition of Yellow-feathered Broilers

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