益生菌、低聚壳聚糖、酸化剂及复合酶对1~66日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、胴体性能和肉品质的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.05.009

中国畜牧兽医 ›› 2020, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 1360-1372.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.05.009

益生菌、低聚壳聚糖、酸化剂及复合酶对1~66日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、胴体性能和肉品质的影响

范秋丽, 蒋守群, 苟钟勇, 李龙, 林厦菁, 王一冰, 陈芳

广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 农业农村部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640

出版日期:2020-05-20 发布日期:2020-05-18
通讯作者: 蒋守群 E-mail:1014534359@qq.com
作者简介:范秋丽(1987-),女,陕西渭南人,硕士,研究方向:黄羽肉鸡营养,E-mail:649698130@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0500600）；国家肉鸡产业技术体系项目（CARS-41-G10）；国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目子课题（2014BAD13B02）；国家自然科学基金青年基金（31802104）；广东省科技计划项目（2017B020202003）；广东省自然科学基金（2017A030310096）；广东省农业科学院院长基金项目（201620、201805、201807B、201809B、201908）；广州市科技计划重点项目（201804020091）

Effects of Probiotics,Oligomeric Chitosan,Acidulant and Complex Enzymes on Growth Performance,Immune Function,Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Yellow-feathered Chicken Aged from 1 to 66 Days Old

FAN Qiuli, JIANG Shouqun, GOU Zhongyong, LI Long, LIN Xiajing, WANG Yibing, CHEN Fang

Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Online:2020-05-20 Published:2020-05-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 试验旨在研究益生菌、低聚壳聚糖、酸化剂单独使用及与复合酶组合使用对1~66日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、胴体性能和肉品质的影响。选用1 440只1日龄快速型岭南黄羽肉公雏，根据体重一致原则分为8个处理组：对照组（无抗生素添加）、抗生素组（225 mg/kg金霉素+200 mg/kg恩拉霉素）、益生菌1组（500 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌+200 mg/kg乳酸杆菌+1 000 mg/kg活性酵母）、益生菌2组（200 mg/kg混合菌产品）、低聚壳聚糖组（50 mg/kg低聚壳聚糖）、酸化剂组（2 000 mg/kg苯甲酸+2 000 mg/kg柠檬酸）、无抗组合1组（50 mg/kg低聚壳聚糖+1 000 mg/kg酸化剂+500 mg/kg复合酶）、无抗组合2组（益生菌1组+无抗组合1组），每个处理6个重复，每个重复30只鸡。试验分3个阶段，试验期66 d。结果显示，1~21日龄，与对照组相比，低聚壳聚糖组和无抗组合1组料重比显著降低（P<0.05）；与抗生素组相比，益生菌1、2组体重和平均日增重显著降低，无抗组合2组平均日增重显著降低，益生菌1组和无抗组合2组料重比显著升高（P<0.05）；低聚壳聚糖组和无抗组合1组胸腺指数均高于对照组和抗生素组（P>0.05）；无抗组合1组血浆IgG含量高于抗生素组（P>0.05），显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；除酸化剂组外，其他各组血浆IgM含量均显著高于对照组和抗生素组（P<0.05）。22~42日龄，益生菌1组、低聚壳聚糖组和无抗组合1、2组体重、平均日增重均高于抗生素组，且低聚壳聚糖组平均日增重显著高于抗生素组（P<0.05），益生菌1组、低聚壳聚糖组和无抗组合1组料重比均低于抗生素组（P>0.05）；不同无抗组合对免疫器官指数和血浆生化指标均无显著影响（P>0.05）。43~66日龄，不同无抗组合对生长性能和免疫器官指数均无显著影响（P>0.05）；益生菌1组、低聚壳聚糖组和无抗组合1、2组血浆IgM含量均高于抗生素组（P>0.05），显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。益生菌2组和无抗组合1、2组腹脂率均低于抗生素组（P>0.05），酸化剂组腹脂率低于对照组（P>0.05），显著低于抗生素组（P<0.05）；益生菌2组和无抗组合1、2组45 min肉色L^*值低于抗生素组（P>0.05），低聚壳聚糖组45 min肉色L^*值低于对照组（P>0.05），显著低于抗生素组（P<0.05）。综合本试验3个阶段生长性能、免疫功能、胴体性能和肉品质等结果，推荐1~66日龄快大型黄羽肉公鸡基础无抗日粮中同时添加50 mg/kg低聚壳聚糖、1 000 mg/kg酸化剂和500 mg/kg复合酶代替抗生素来提高生长性能、免疫功能、胴体性能和肉品质。

关键词: 黄羽肉鸡; 生长性能; 免疫功能; 胴体性能; 肉品质

Abstract: The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of probiotics,oligomeric chitosan and acidulant use alone or in combination with complex enzymes on growth performance,immune organ index,carcass traits and meat quality of Yellow-feathered chicken aged from 1 to 66 days old.1 440 1 day old rapidly growing Lingnan Yellow-feathered male chicken were randomly assigned into 8 groups according body weight:Control group (antibiotic-free),antibiotic group (225 mg/kg aureomycin+200 mg/kg eramycin),probiotics 1 group (500 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis+200 mg/kg Lactobacillus+1 000 mg/kg active yeast),probiotics 2 group (200 mg/kg mixed bacteria product),oligomeric chitosan group (50 mg/kg oligomeric chitosan),acidulant group (2 000 mg/kg benzoic acid+2 000 mg/kg citric acid),antibiotic-free combination 1 group (50 mg/kg oligomeric chitosan+1 000 mg/kg acidulant+500 mg/kg complex enzyme),antibiotic-free combination 2 group (probiotics 1 group+antibiotic-free combination 1 group),each group consisted of 6 replicates with 30 broilers.The experiment was carried out in three stages,and the experimental period was 66 days.The results showed that:1 to 21 days,compared with control group,the feed/gain ratio (F/G) of oligomeric chitosan and antibiotic-free combination 1 groups was significantly reduced (P<0.05).Compared with antibiotic group,the body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) of probiotics 1 and 2 groups were significantly decreased,ADG of antibiotic-free combination 2 group was significantly decreased,and F/G of probiotics 1 and antibiotic-free combination 2 groups was significantly increased (P<0.05).The thymus index of oligomeric chitosan and antibiotic-free combination 1 groups was higher than that of control and antibiotic groups (P>0.05).The IgG content in plasma of antibiotic-free combination 1 group was higher than that of antibiotic group (P>0.05),and significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The IgM contents in plasma of other groups except acidulant group were significantly higher than that of control and antibiotic groups (P<0.05).22 to 42 days,BW and ADG of probiotics 1,oligomeric chitosan and antibiotic-free combination 1 and 2 groups were higher than that of antibiotic group,and ADG of oligomeric chitosan group was significantly higher than that of antibiotic group (P<0.05),F/G of probiotics 1,oligomeric chitosan and antibiotic-free combination 1 groups were lower than that of antibiotic group (P>0.05).Different combinations without antibiotic had no significant effects on immune organ index and plasma biochemical parameters (P>0.05).43 to 66 days,different combinations without antibiotic had no significant effects on growth performance and immune organ index (P>0.05).The IgM contents in plasma of probiotics 1,oligomeric chitosan,antibiotic-free combination 1 and 2 groups were higher than that of antibiotic group (P>0.05),and significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05).The abdominal fat percentage of probiotics 2 and antibiotic-free combination 1 and 2 groups were lower than that of antibiotic group (P>0.05),which of acidulant group was lower than that of control group (P>0.05),and significantly lower than that of antibiotic group (P<0.05).L^*_{45 min} value of meat of probiotics 2 and antibiotic-free combination 1 and 2 groups were lower than that of antibiotic group (P>0.05),which of oligomeric chitosan group was lower than that of control group (P>0.05),and significantly lower than that of antibiotic group (P<0.05).According to the results of growth performance,immune function,carcass traits and meat quality in three stages of this study,it was recommended to add 50 mg/kg oligomeric chitosan,1 000 mg/kg acidulant and 500 mg/kg complex enzymes in the same time to basic diet instead of antibiotic of rapidly growing Yellow-feathered male chicken aged from 1 to 66 days old could improve the growth performance,immune function,carcass performance and meat quality.

Key words: Yellow-feathered chicken; growth performance; immune function; carcass traits; meat quality

中图分类号:

S813.3

范秋丽, 蒋守群, 苟钟勇, 李龙, 林厦菁, 王一冰, 陈芳. 益生菌、低聚壳聚糖、酸化剂及复合酶对1~66日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、胴体性能和肉品质的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(5): 1360-1372.

FAN Qiuli, JIANG Shouqun, GOU Zhongyong, LI Long, LIN Xiajing, WANG Yibing, CHEN Fang. Effects of Probiotics,Oligomeric Chitosan,Acidulant and Complex Enzymes on Growth Performance,Immune Function,Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Yellow-feathered Chicken Aged from 1 to 66 Days Old[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(5): 1360-1372.

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益生菌、低聚壳聚糖、酸化剂及复合酶对1~66日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、胴体性能和肉品质的影响

Effects of Probiotics,Oligomeric Chitosan,Acidulant and Complex Enzymes on Growth Performance,Immune Function,Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Yellow-feathered Chicken Aged from 1 to 66 Days Old

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