四环素类抗生素在环境中的风险评估研究进展

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2020.03.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 四环素类抗生素因成本低、价格低、抗菌谱广及抗菌活性好等特点被广泛用于养殖业，由于其在动物体内吸收较少，大部分以原形或代谢物的形式排出体外，随动物的粪便、尿液进入环境。多项研究表明，四环素类抗生素在环境中的暴露量大，吸附能力强、迁移能力弱，微生物、光照及温度都会影响其在环境中的稳定性，其在环境中的暴露对植物生长、水生生物及微生物群落结构数量和抗性基因均会产生负面影响。作者综述了四环素类抗生素在环境中的暴露现状、吸附及降解行为特性、效应研究及其在环境中的风险评估现状，旨在引起人们对环境中四环素类抗生素污染的重视，为环境中四环素类抗生素及抗性基因的去除提供参考，并对今后四环素类抗生素的环境风险评估提出展望。

关键词: 四环素类抗生素; 环境; 吸附; 降解; 生态毒性

Abstract: Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) are the most widely used in veterinary medicine,which is due to factors such as their low cost,broad spectrum and high antimicrobial activity.Due to their poor absorption when administered to animals,most of the doses of TCs are excreted as original (not metabolized) compounds in feces and urine.In this study,exposure status,adsorption and degradation behavior and effect assessment of TCs were reviewed.The results showed that TCs were exposed to a large amount in the environment,with strong adsorption capacity and weak migration capacity.Microorganisms,light and temperature affected their stability.The exposure in the environment had a negative impact on plant,aquatic organisms,microbial community structure and quantity and resistance genes.By summarizing the current situation of environmental risk assessment of TCs,people should pay more attention to the pollution of TCs in the environment,which will provide reference for the removal of TCs and resistance genes in the environment.Consequently,it is urgent to carry out a systematic research on environmental risk assessment of TCs.

Key words: tetracycline antibiotics; environment; adsorption; degradation; ecological toxicity

中图分类号:

S859.7

徐向月, 马文瑾, 安博宇, 程古月, 黄玲利. 四环素类抗生素在环境中的风险评估研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2020, 47(3): 948-957.

XU Xiangyue, MA Wenjin, AN Boyu, CHENG Guyue, HUANG Lingli. Advances on Risk Assessment of Tetracycline Antibiotics in the Environment[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2020, 47(3): 948-957.

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