一种新型缓释尿素替代日粮中部分豆粕对肉牛生长性能、养分消化率及血液生化指标的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.04.005

《中国畜牧兽医》 ›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 994-1001.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.04.005

一种新型缓释尿素替代日粮中部分豆粕对肉牛生长性能、养分消化率及血液生化指标的影响

赵二龙¹, 冯春燕², 王剑飞², 柏峻¹, 李艳娇¹, 李美发¹, 辛均平¹, 戈钰¹, 黎力之¹, 梁欢¹, 许兰娇¹, 瞿明仁¹, 李婷婷³

1. 江西农业大学, 江西省饲料科学研究所, 动物营养重点实验室, 饲料工程研究中心, 南昌 330045;
2. 上海美农生物科技股份有限公司, 上海 200000;
3. 平顶山市动物疫病预防控制中心, 平顶山 467000

收稿日期:2018-09-25 出版日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2019-04-22
通讯作者: 许兰娇 E-mail:xulanjiao1314@163.com
作者简介:赵二龙(1990-),男,河南杞县人,硕士生,研究方向:动物营养与饲料科学,E-mail:841786429@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研究计划（2018YFD0501804）；国家现代肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目（CARS-37）

Effect of a Slow-release Urea Substituting Dietary Soybean Meal on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Beef Cattle

ZHAO Erlong¹, FENG Chunyan², WANG Jianfei², BAI Jun¹, LI Yanjiao¹, LI Meifa¹, XIN Junping¹, GE Yu¹, LI Lizhi¹, LIANG Huan¹, XU Lanjiao¹, QU Mingren¹, LI Tingting³

1. Feed Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Feed Science, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
2. Menon Animal Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China;
3. Pingdingshan City Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Pingdingshan 467000, China

Received:2018-09-25 Online:2019-04-20 Published:2019-04-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

试验旨在研究一种新型缓释尿素替代日粮中部分豆粕对肉牛生长性能、养分消化率及血液生化指标的影响。选择18头健康、体重相近（315±5）kg、7月龄左右生长期西门塔尔杂交公牛，随机分为豆粕组、缓释尿素组和普通尿素组3组，每组6头牛。豆粕组饲喂含11.12%豆粕（粗蛋白质（CP）为15.51%、干物质（DM）为48.06%）的试验日粮（精粗比4：6）。按照等能等氮原则，缓释尿素组和普通尿素组饲喂含缓释尿素和普通尿素分别占各自日粮的1.41%和1.15%，即2个试验组分别用缓释尿素和普通尿素替代豆粕组日粮中75%豆粕。预试期14 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：①各组间平均日增重和料重比均无显著差异（P>0.05），但缓释尿素组和普通尿素组的平均日采食量（ADMI）显著低于豆粕组（P<0.05）。②缓释尿素组和普通尿素组的干物质和有机物（OM）表观消化率显著高于豆粕组（P<0.05）；缓释尿素组粗蛋白质的表观消化率显著低于普通尿素组（P<0.05），但与豆粕组相比无显著差异（P>0.05）；普通尿素组粗脂肪（EE）表观消化率最低，豆粕组最高，各组间均存在显著差异（P<0.05）；各处理组间的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）的表观消化率均无显著差异（P>0.05）。③与豆粕组相比，缓释尿素替代日粮中部分豆粕未对肉牛各项血液生化指标产生影响（P>0.05）；缓释尿素组的白蛋白（ALB）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）均显著高于普通尿素组（P<0.05）。由上述结果可知，缓释尿素和普通尿素可替代日粮中部分豆粕应用于肉牛生产中，且缓释尿素替代豆粕效果优于普通尿素。

关键词: 肉牛; 缓释尿素; 生长性能; 养分消化率; 血液生化指标

Abstract:

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of a new slow-release urea substituting dietary part of some soybean meal on growth performance,nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical indexes of beef cattle.Eighteen healthy 7-month-old Simmental hybrid cattle weighted (315±5) kg were randomly divided into three groups:Soybean meal group,slow-release urea group and common urea group,with 6 cattle in each group.Soybean meal group was fed a test diet containing 11.12% (15.51% crude protein (CP),48.06% dry matter (DM)) of soybean meal (concentrate to forage ratio was 4:6).According to the principle of isoenergetic and isonitrogenic,the slow-release urea and common urea groups were fed with slow-release urea and common urea accounted for 1.41% and 1.15% of the respective diets,respectively.That is,75% of the soybean meal in the soybean meal group was replaced by slow-release urea and ordinary urea in the two test groups.Pre-test period was 14 days,and formal test period was 60 days.The results showed as follows:① There was no significant difference in average daily gain (ADG) and feed:gain (F/G) among all groups (P>0.05),but the average dry matter intake (ADMI) in slow-release urea and common urea groups was significantly lower than that in soybean meal group (P<0.05).② The apparent digestibility of DM and organic matter (OM) in slow-release urea and common urea groups were significantly higher than that in soybean meal group (P<0.05);The apparent digestibility of CP in slow-release urea group was significantly lower than that in common urea group (P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between slow-release urea and soybean meal groups (P>0.05);The apparent digestibility of ether extract (EE) was the lowest in common urea group and the highest in soybean meal group,and there was a significant difference among all groups (P<0.05);There was no significant difference in the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) among all groups (P>0.05).③ Compared with the soybean meal group,the replacement of some soybean meal by slow-release urea in the diet did not affect the blood biochemical indicators of beef cattle (P>0.05);The albumin (ALB),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in slow-release urea group were significantly higher than that in common urea group (P<0.05).The results showed that some soybean meal in the diet could be replaced by slow-release urea and common urea in the production of beef cattle,and the effect of soybean meal being replaced by slow-release urea was better than that of common urea.

Key words: beef cattle; slow-release urea; growth performance; nutrient digestibility; blood biochemical indexes

中图分类号:

S816.7

赵二龙, 冯春燕, 王剑飞, 柏峻, 李艳娇, 李美发, 辛均平, 戈钰, 黎力之, 梁欢, 许兰娇, 瞿明仁, 李婷婷. 一种新型缓释尿素替代日粮中部分豆粕对肉牛生长性能、养分消化率及血液生化指标的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(4): 994-1001.

ZHAO Erlong, FENG Chunyan, WANG Jianfei, BAI Jun, LI Yanjiao, LI Meifa, XIN Junping, GE Yu, LI Lizhi, LIANG Huan, XU Lanjiao, QU Mingren, LI Tingting. Effect of a Slow-release Urea Substituting Dietary Soybean Meal on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Beef Cattle[J]. , 2019, 46(4): 994-1001.

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一种新型缓释尿素替代日粮中部分豆粕对肉牛生长性能、养分消化率及血液生化指标的影响

Effect of a Slow-release Urea Substituting Dietary Soybean Meal on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Beef Cattle

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