苗药对3种常见致病菌体外抑菌效果研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2018.10.029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究板蓝根、五倍子、黄芪等20味苗药及其组方对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌和大肠杆菌的体外抑菌效果，本试验通过水煎法、超声水提法、超声醇取法提取苗药及其组方的有效成分，采用二倍稀释法分别测定提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌及大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果显示，苗药不同提取方法对其抑菌效果影响不同，单味药效果：超声醇提法 > 超声水提法 > 水煎法。五倍子和仙鹤草超声醇提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌及大肠杆菌的MIC分别为0.18、0.71和1.43 mg/mL（五倍子）及1.56、3.13和3.13 mg/mL（仙鹤草）；南五味子、乌梅、刺梨、金银花、绵马贯众、杜仲的MIC值高于五倍子和仙鹤草，低于其他12种药，这6种单味苗药超声醇提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌及大肠杆菌的MIC分别为3.69~50.00、3.13~50.00及3.31~66.25 mg/mL。组方药效果结果显示，超声水提法 > 超声醇提法 > 水煎法。组方5超声水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌及大肠杆菌的MIC最低，分别为0.34、2.75和2.75 mg/mL；组方1超声水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌及大肠杆菌的MIC比组方2、3、4低，分别为2.88、5.75和5.75 mg/mL。结果表明，五倍子、仙鹤草及组方5对3种常见致病菌抑菌效果较强，南五味子、乌梅、刺梨、金银花、绵马贯众、杜仲和组方1有一定的抑菌作用，其他苗药的抑菌效果相对较弱。

关键词: 苗药; 金黄色葡萄球菌; 沙门氏菌; 大肠杆菌; 体外抑菌

Abstract:

To determine the antibacterial effect of 20 Miao national herbs such as Isatis tinctoria,gallnut and Astragalus and their prescriptions against Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus),Salmonella and Escherichia coli (E.coli),the active ingredients of Miao herbal medicines were extracted using water decoction,ultrasonic water extraction and ultrasonic alcohol extraction,respectively.Double dilution method was used to assess the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for S.aureus,Salmonella and E.coli.The results showed that antibacterial effect of Miao national single herbs in three different extraction methods was ultrasonic alcohol extraction method > ultrasonic water extraction method > water decoction method.The MIC of the ethanol extracts of gallnut and Agrimonia on S.aureus,Salmonella and E.coli were 0.18,0.71 and 1.43 mg/mL (gallnut) and 1.56,3.13 and 3.13 mg/mL (Agrimonia),respectively.Furthermore,the MIC of Kadsura,plum,thorn pear,Lonicera,Rhizoma Dryopteris Crassirhizomae and Eucommia were higher than gallnut and Agrimonia,but lower than other 12 kinds of Miao national single herbs.The MIC of these 6 kinds of Miao national single herbs extracts extracted in ultrasonic alcohol against S.aureus,Salmonella and E.coli were 3.69 to 50.00,3.13 to 50.00 and 3.31 to 66.25 mg/mL,respectively.The effect of prescriptions of Miao national herbs showed that ultrasonic water extraction method > ultrasonic alcohol extraction method > water decoction method.The MIC of prescription 5 ultrasonic water extract was the lowest for S.aureus,Salmonella and E.coli,which were 0.34,2.75 and 2.75 mg/mL,respectively.The MIC of the ultrasonic water extract of prescription 1 against S.aureus,Salmonella and E.coli was lower than the prescriptions 2,3 and 4,which were 2.88,5.75 and 5.75 mg/mL,respectively.The results showed that gallnut,Agrimonia and prescription 5 had strong antibacterial activity against 3 common pathogens,Kadsura,plum,thorn pear,Lonicera,Rhizoma Dryopteris Crassirhizomae,Eucommia and prescription 1 had certain antibacterial effects,and the antibacterial effects of other Miao drugs were relatively weak.

Key words: Miao herbal medicine; S.aureus; Salmonella; E.coli; bacteriostasis in vitro

中图分类号:

S853.7

杨林花, 陈胜昌, 乔艳龙, 莘海亮, 王清峰, 王府, 寇宏, 陆小箩, 张滔滔. 苗药对3种常见致病菌体外抑菌效果研究[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2018, 45(10): 2910-2917.

YANG Linhua, CHEN Shengchang, QIAO Yanlong, XIN Hailiang, WANG Qingfeng, WANG Fu, KOU Hong, LU Xiaoluo, ZHANG Taotao. Bacteriostasis in vitro of Miao National Herbs Against Three Common Pathogens[J]. , 2018, 45(10): 2910-2917.

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