活性酵母添加对饲喂不同精粗比日粮肉牛血浆代谢组的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.01.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本试验旨在研究添加酵母菌对饲喂不同精粗比日粮肉牛血浆代谢组的影响，选取10头（450±50） kg装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔×本地牛阉牛，随机分为对照组和酵母添加组，两组饲喂相同基础日粮，酵母添加组每天晨饲前通过瘘管投喂活性酵母菌，投喂量为0.8 g/d；采用交叉试验设计，试验共分为2期，每期包含4个阶段，从第1阶段到第4阶段日粮精粗比为30：70、50：50、70：30和90：10，每个阶段持续17 d，即16 d预饲期，第17天晨饲前采集颈静脉血，采用超高效液相色谱－四级杆飞行时间质谱联用仪（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS）对血浆样品代谢组分进行测定，应用主成分分析（PCA）、偏最小方差判别分析（PLS-DA）、正交偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）模型对不同精粗比日粮的生物标志物和酵母添加组的生物标志物进行筛选。试验显示，不同日粮精粗比组的生物标志物为胞嘧啶、二氢胸腺嘧啶、软脂酰胺、硬脂酰胺、油脂酰胺和磷酸泛酸；精粗比为30：70时，酵母添加组的生物标志物有鞘氨醇、神经鞘氨醇和卵磷脂（18：0）；日粮精粗比为50：50时，酵母添加组的生物标志物有芥酰胺、甘油一酯和卵磷脂（16：0）；日粮精粗比为70：30时，酵母添加组的生物标志物有甘油一酯、甘油二酯、甘油三酯、卵磷脂（17：0、18：0）；日粮精粗比为90：10时，酵母添加组的生物标志物有芥酰胺、胆酸、卵磷脂（18：2、20：2）。随日粮精粗比提高，机体的脂肪代谢途径得到改善；但是动物瘤胃壁和肠道内壁的完整性遭到破坏；添加酵母改善了动物脂肪和磷脂代谢的同时可维护消化道内壁细胞的完整性。

关键词: 活性酵母; 血浆代谢组; 肉牛; 精粗比

Abstract:

The objective was to assess the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) supplementation on plasma metabolomics of steers fed diets with different concentrate to forage ratios (CTFR).10 Simental×Local breed steers (450 kg ±50 kg) fitted with rumen fistulas were assigned to control and treatment groups.Steers in the two groups were fed the same basal diets but steers in treatment group received supplementation with SC (8×10⁹ CFU/h per day through the ruminal fistula) following a 2-period crossover design.Each period consisted of four phases,each of which lasted for 17 d,16 d for dietary adaptation,and 1 d for rumen sample collection.From the 1st to the 4th phase,steers were fed in a stepwise fashion with increasing CTFRs (30:70,50:50,70:30,90:10).UPLC-QTOF-MS was used to detected plasma metabolomics.PCA,PLS-DA and OPLS-DA were used to filtrate biomarkers.The results showed that biomarkers among different dietary CTFR groups were cytosine,dihydrothymine,palmitic amide,stearamide,oleamide and D-4-phosphopantothenate.When dietary CTFR was 30:70, biomarkers between SC supplementation and control groups were sphinganine,phytosphingosine and PC (18:0);When CTFR was 50:50, biomarkers between the two groups were 13E-docosenamide,1-monoacylglycerol and PC (16:0).When dietary CTFR was 70:30,biomarkers were 1-monoacylglycerol,diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol and PC (18:0,17:0),while the biomarkers were 13E-docosenamide,glycocholic acid and PC (18:2,20:2) when CTFR was 90:10.The results showed that with concentrate level increasing, fat metabolism was improved, but rumen wall was damaged;SC supplementation could improve phospholipid and fat metabolism, which was beneficial to maintain animal health status and improve production performance.

Key words: live yeast; plasma metabolomics; beef cattle; concentrate to forage ratio (CTFR)

中图分类号:

S816.7

李岩, 丁耿芝, 姚倩倩, 吴浩, 孟庆翔, 周振明. 活性酵母添加对饲喂不同精粗比日粮肉牛血浆代谢组的影响[J]. 《中国畜牧兽医》, 2019, 46(1): 89-100.

LI Yan, DING Gengzhi, YAO Qianqian, WU Hao, MENG Qingxiang, ZHOU Zhenming. Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Plasma Metabolomics of Steers Fed Diets with Different Concentrate to Forage Ratios[J]. , 2019, 46(1): 89-100.

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