饲粮中添加平菇菌糠对育肥湖羊生产性能和养分表观消化率的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.10.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究全混合饲粮中添加不同水平平菇菌糠对湖羊生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、屠宰性能和脏器系数的影响,以期为平菇菌糠的饲料化利用提供参考。【方法】选取3月龄体重相近的湖羊公羔45只,随机分为5组,每组9只羊,每组设3个重复,每个重复3只羊。组Ⅰ(对照组)饲喂不含平菇菌糠的全混合饲粮;组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ分别用5%、10%、15%和20%的平菇菌糠替代饲粮中的全株玉米青贮。通过饲养试验和屠宰试验测定试验羊的生长性能、主要养分表观消化率、屠宰性能和脏器系数。【结果】第30天时,组Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ湖羊体重显著高于组Ⅱ(P＜0.05)。湖羊平均日增重1~30 d组Ⅴ显著高于组Ⅰ和Ⅱ,组Ⅲ和Ⅳ显著高于组Ⅱ(P＜0.05);60~90 d组Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ显著高于组Ⅴ,组Ⅲ显著高于组Ⅳ和Ⅴ(P＜0.05)。湖羊料重比1~30 d组Ⅱ显著高于组Ⅴ(P＜0.05);60~90 d组Ⅳ、Ⅴ显著高于其余各组(P＜0.05);1~90 d组Ⅴ显著高于组Ⅰ(P＜0.05)。湖羊干物质表观消化率组Ⅲ显著高于组Ⅱ(P＜0.05);有机物和粗蛋白质表观消化率组Ⅰ和Ⅲ显著高于组Ⅱ(P＜0.05);屠宰率组Ⅲ和Ⅳ显著高于组Ⅰ(P＜0.05)。湖羊脾脏重组Ⅲ显著高于组Ⅱ和Ⅴ(P＜0.05);肝脏指数组Ⅴ显著低于其余各组,肺脏指数组Ⅳ显著组高于其余各组(P＜0.05)。【结论】综合分析得出,10%平菇菌糠替代全株玉米青贮饲喂育肥湖羊完全可行,高比例(20%)的平菇菌糠添加在育肥期前2个月有较好的饲喂效果,但随着饲喂时间延长,会导致饲养效果变差,建议饲喂时间不超过2个月。

关键词: 平菇菌糠; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 脏器系数; 表观消化率

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of spent mushroom substrate of Pleurotus ostreatus (P.SMS) on the growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, slaughter performance and organ indexes of Hu sheep in mixed diet, so as to provide practical reference for feed utilization of P.SMS. 【Method】 Forty-five 3-month-old male Hu lambs with similar weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 9 lambs(3 replicates) in each group and 3 lambs in each replicate. The lambs in group Ⅰ (control group) was fed a total mixed diet without P.SMS, and the lambs in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were fed 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% P.SMS replaced with whole plant corn silage in the diet, respectively. The growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility, slaughter performance and organ indexes of Hu lambs were measured through feeding and slaughter experiments. 【Result】 On the 30th day, the body weight of lambs in groups Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P＜0.05). At 1-30 days of old, the average daily gain of lambs in group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ, and groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly higher than group Ⅱ (P＜0.05). At 60-90 days of old, the average daily gain of lambs in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that in group Ⅴ (P＜0.05), and group Ⅲ was significantly higher than groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ (P＜0.05). The feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) of lambs in group Ⅱ at 1-30 days of old was significantly higher than that in group Ⅴ (P＜0.05), lambs in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ at 60-90 days of old were significantly higher than that in other groups (P＜0.05), and lambs in group Ⅴ at 1-90 days of old was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P＜0.05). The apparent digestibility of dry matter of lambs in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P＜0.05). The apparent digestibility of organic matter and crude protein of lambs in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P＜0.05). The slaughter rate of lambs in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P＜0.05). The spleen weight of lambs in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅴ (P＜0.05). The liver index of lambs in group Ⅴ was significantly lower than that in other groups (P＜0.05), the lung index of lambs in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in other groups (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis showed that it was feasible to feed fattening Hu sheep with 10% P.SMS instead of whole plant corn silage. The addition of high proportion (20%) P.SMS had better feeding effect in the first two months of fattening period, but with the extension of feeding time, the feeding effect would become worse. It was recommended that the feeding time should not exceed two months.

Key words: Pleurotus ostreatus substrate; growth performance; slaughter performance; organ index; apparent digestibility

中图分类号:

S816.44

袁国宏, 胡丽红, 李昌昌, 张立东, 段平平, 陆牡龙, 刘红云, 胡磊, 许贵善. 饲粮中添加平菇菌糠对育肥湖羊生产性能和养分表观消化率的影响[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2023, 50(10): 3985-3993.

YUAN Guohong, HU Lihong, LI Changchang, ZHANG Lidong, DUAN Pingping, LU Mulong, LIU Hongyun, HU Lei, XU Guishan. Effects of Dietary Pleurotus ostreatus Substrate Supplementation on Growth Performance and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Fattening Hu Sheep[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(10): 3985-3993.

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