›› 2019, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 628-634.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2019.02.035

• Basic Veterinary Medicine • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Research Progress on the Relationship Between Gut Microbiota of Animals and Pathogenic Microorganism Infection

CHEN Xiuqin1,2, HUANG Meiqing1,2, ZHENG Min1,2, CHEN Shaoying1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Science, Fuzhou 350013, China;
    2. Fujian Animal Diseases Control Technology Development Center, Fuzhou 350013, China
  • Received:2018-07-05 Online:2019-02-20 Published:2019-02-20

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Abstract:

Animals harbor a densely populated resident microbial community,generally referred as the commensal microbioata,which are pivotal in determining the developmental,metabolic and immunological status of the host.They are active participants in the progression of many diseases.The invasion of viruses,bacteria and parasites result in a disturbance to the gut microbiota,mainly is shown by a decrease of probiotics,while outgrowth of pathogens.The mechanisms include eliciting inflammatory host response and inhibiting immune cell.Additionally,gut microbiota also accommodate pathogenic organisms.For example,it plays a dual role in viral replication,inhibits bacterial replication,but promotes parasite infection.The mechanisms that regulate the ability of the gut microbiaota to restrain pathogen growth including competive metabolic interactions and induction of host immune responses.And the mechanisms of viral promoting involved are listed as follow:Improving the stability of virus and enhancing their attachment to target cells,inhibiting the immune system,promoting the proliferation of target cells.The mechanisms of parasite promoting maybe decrease Th2 cytokines (such as IL-4 and IL-13),as well as with heightening the frequency expression of regulatory T cell.The interactions among gut microbiota,pathogen and host affect are ongoing and continuously evolving throughout the infection process.This review focused on the impact of viruses,bacteria and parasites on the abundance of animals' gut microbiota,the process of pathogen infection impacted by animals' gut microbiota and the relevant mechanism.A goal of this work will facilitate our understanding of the mechanism of infection.What's more,it can also provide novel insights and theory for developing vaccines adjuvants and designing more effective and focused prophylactic and therapeutic strategies.

Key words: gut microbiota; pathogenic microorganism; infection

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