猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型流行病学新特点及致病机理研究进展

Abstract

Abstract: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the main causative agent of porcine circovirus diseases, which is responsible for the greatly economic losses in the swine industry. The rate of nucleotide substitution within PCV2 is high, which keep the highest rate yet recorded for a single-stranded DNA virus. Although the oronasal route is considered the most likely route of infection, PCV2 can be shed in nasal, tonsillar, bronchial and ocular secretions, as well as in faeces, saliva, urine milk and semen. Pigs with PMWS have greater amounts of PCV2 in their serum and shed large quantities of virus than do non-affected pigs. The piglets which have high antibodies against PCV2 do not develop a viraemia until these antibodies wane. PMWS- affected pigs have depletion of T- and B-lymphocytes, factors that are currently thought to influence the outcome of PCV2 infection include 4 main areas of focus: virus, host, coinfections, and immune modulation.

Key words: porcine circovirus; epidemiology; pathogenesis

CLC Number:

S852.65

WANG Xian-wen, YAO Si-xin, WANG Li-rong, HANG Bai-lin, LIU Xing-you. Recent Advances in the Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Diseases Caused by Porcine Circovirus Type 2[J]. , 2012, 39(12): 190-194.

References

1 郎洪武, 张广川, 吴发权, 等.断奶猪多系统衰竭综合征血清抗体检测[J].中国兽医科技, 2000, 30(3):3~5.
2 Allan G, McNeilly F, McNair I, et al.Neonatal vaccination for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome: A field trial[J]. Pig J, 2001, 48:34~41.
3 Allan G, McNeilly F, Meehan B, et al. Reproduction of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs experimentally inoculated with a Swedish porcine circovirus 2 isolate[J]. J Vet Diagn Invest, 2003, 15:553~560.
4 Andraud M, Grasland B, Durand B, et al. Quantification of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) within- and between-pen transmission in pigs[J]. Veterinary Research, 2008, 39:43.
5 Brunborg I M, Fossum C, Lium B, et al. Dynamics of serum antibodies to and load of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in pigs in three finishing herds, affected or not by postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome[J]. Acta Vet Scand, 2010, 52:22.
6 Chae J S, Choi K S. Genetic diversity of porcine circovirus type 2 from pigs in Republic of Korea[J]. Res Vet Sci, 2009, 82: 224~229.
7 Chianini F, Majó N, Segalés J, et al. Immunohistological study of the immune system cells in paraffin-embedded tissues of conventional pigs[J]. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 2001, 82:245~255.
8 Clark E. Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. In: Proceedings of the annual meeting of the American association of swine practitioners, Quebec City, Canada, 1997.
9 Delay J, McEwen B, Carman S, et al.Porcine circovirus type 2-associated disease is increasing[J]. AHL Newsletter, 2005, 9:22.
10 Fenaux M, Halbur P G, Haqshenas G, et al.Cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus is infectious when injected directly into the liver and lymph nodes of pigs: Characterization of clinical disease, virus distribution, and pathologic lesions[J]. J Virol, 2002, 76:541~551.
11 Fenaux M, Opriessnig T, Halbur P G, et al.A chimeric porcine circovirus (PCV) with the immunogenic capsid gene of the pathogenic PCV type 2 (PCV2) cloned into the genomic backbone of the nonpathogenic PCV1 induces protective immunity against PCV2 infection in pigs[J]. J Virol, 2004, 78:6297~6303.
12 Fenaux M, Opriessnig T, Halbur P G, et al.Two amino acid mutations in the capsid protein of type 2 porcine circovirus (PCV2) enhanced PCV2 replication in vitro and attenuated the virus in vivo[J]. J Virol, 2004, 78:13440~13446.
13 Firth C, Charleston M A, Duffy S, et al. Insights into the evolutionary history of an emerging livestock pathogen: Porcine circovirus 2[J]. J Virol, 2009, 83(24):12813~12821.
14 Gilpin D F, McCullough K, Meehan B M, et al.In vitro studies on the infection and replication of porcine circovirus type 2 in cells of the porcine immune system[J].Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 2003, 94:149~161.
15 Grasland B, Loizel C, Blanchard P, et al. Reproduction of PMWS in immunostimulated SPF piglets transfected with infectious cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus[J]. Vet Res, 2005, 36:685~697.
16 Grierson S S, King D P, Wellenberg G J, et al. Genome sequence analysis of 10 Dutch porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) isolates from a PMWS case-control study[J]. Res Vet Sci, 2004, 77:265~268.
17 Harding J C, Ellis J A, McIntosh K A, et al. Dual heterologous porcine circovirus genogroup 2a/2b infection induces severe disease in germ-free pigs[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2010, 144:62~68.
18 Hoogland M J, Opriessnig T, Halbur P G. Effects of adjuvants on porcine circovirus type 2-associated lesions[J]. J Swine Health Prod, 2006, 14:133~139.
19 Jacobsen B, Krueger L, Seeliger F, et al. Retrospective study on the occurrence of porcine circovirus 2 infection and associated entities in Northern Germany[J]. Veterinary Microbiology, 2009, 138:27~33.
20 Jensen T K, Vigre H, Svensmark B, et al. Distinction between porcine circovirus type 2 enteritis and porcine proliferative enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis[J]. J Comp Pathol, 2006, 135(4):176~182.
21 Kappe E C, Halami M Y, Schade B, et al.Bone marrow depletion with haemorrhagic diathesis in calves in Germany: Characterization of the disease and preliminary investigations on its aetiology[J]. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 2010, 123(1~2):31~41.
22 Kawashima K, Tsunemitsu H, Horino R, et al. Effects of dexamethasone on the pathogenesis of porcine circovirus type 2 infection in piglets[J]. J Comp Pathol, 2003, 129:294~302.
23 Kim J, Chung H K, Chae C. Association of porcine circovirus 2 with porcine respiratory disease complex[J]. Vet J, 2003, 166(3):251~256.
24 Krakowka S, Ellis J A, McNeilly F, et al.Immunologic features of porcine circovirus type 2 infection[J]. Viral Immunol, 2002, 15:567~582.
25 Krakowka S, Ellis J A, McNeilly F, et al.Activation of the immune system is the pivotal event in the production of wasting disease in pigs infected with porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) [J]. Vet Pathol, 2001, 38:31~42.
26 Kyriakis S C, Saoulidis K, Lekkas S, et al.The effects of immuno-modulation on the clinical and pathological expression of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome[J]. J Comp Pathol, 2002, 126:38~46.
27 Langohr I M, Stevenson G W, Nelson E A, et al. Vascular lesions in pigs experimentally infected with porcine circovirus type 2 serogroup B[J]. Vet Pathol, 2010, 47(1):140~147.
28 Li W, Wang X, Ma T, et al.Genetic analysis of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) strains isolated between 2001 and 2009: Genotype PCV2b predominate in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome occurrences in eastern China[J]. Virus Genes, 2010, 40(2):244~251.
29 López-Soria S, Nofrarías M, Calsamiglia M, et al. Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) clinical expression under field conditions is modulated by the pig genetic background[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2010, 144: 43~52.
30 Madec F, Eveno E, Morvan P, et al. Postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in pigs in France: Clinical observations from follow-up studies on affected farms[J]. Livest Prod Sci, 2000, 63:223~233.
31 Madson D M, Ramamoorthy S, Kuster C, et al.Infectivity of porcine circovirus type 2 DNA in semen from experimentally-infected boars[J]. Vet Res, 2009, 40(1):10.
32 Marks F S, Reck J Jr, Almeida L L, et al. Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) induces a procoagulant state in naturally infected swine and in cultured endothelial cells[J].Vet Microbiol, 2009, 143:205~208.
33 Meehan BM, McNeilly F, Todd D, et al. Characterization of novel circovirus DNAs associated withwasting syndromes in pigs[J]. Journal of General Virology, 1998, 79:2171~2179.
34 Meerts P, Misinzo G, McNeilly F, et al. Replication kinetics of different porcine circovirus 2 strains in PK-15 cells, fetal cardiomyocytes and macrophages[J]. Arch Virol, 2005, 150:427~441.
35 Opriessnig T, Fenaux M, Thomas P, et al. Evidence of breed-dependent differences in susceptibility to porcine circovirus type-2-associated disease and lesions[J].Vet Pathol, 2006, 43:281~293.
36 Opriessnig T, Halbur PG, Yu S, et al.Effects of the timing of the administration of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterin on the development of lesions associated with porcine circovirus type 2[J]. Vet Rec, 2006, 158(5):149~154.
37 Opriessnig T, Meng X J, Halbur P G, et al.Porcine circovirus type 2 associated disease: Update on current terminology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and intervention strategies[J]. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 2007, 19:591~615.
38 Opriessnig T, Yu S, Gallup J M, et al.Effect of vaccination with selective bacterins on conventional pigs infected with type 2 porcine circovirus[J]. Vet Pathol, 2003, 40:521~529.
39 Patterson A R, Opriessnig T. Epidemiology and horizontal transmission of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)[J]. Anim Health Res Rev, 2010, 11(2):217~234.
40 Pogranichniy R M, Yoon K J, Harms P A, et al.Case-control study on the association of porcine circovirus type 2 and other swine viral pathogens with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome[J]. J Vet Diagn Invest, 2002, 14:449~456.
41 Resendes A, Segalés J, Balasch M, et al. Lack of an effect of a commercial vaccine adjuvant on the development of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in porcine circovirus type 2 experimentally infected conventional pigs[J].Veterinary Research, 2004, 35: 83~90.
42 Sasaki K, Tsukahara T, Taira O, et al.Prevalence of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2 in piglets after weaning on a commercial pig farm in Japan[J]. Anim Sci J, 2010, 81(1): 135~141.
43 Segalès J, Sitjar M, Domingo M, et al. First report of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in pigs in Spain[J]. Vet Rec, 1997, 141:600~601.
44 Tischer I, Gelderblom H, Vettermann W, et al. A very small porcine virus with circular single-stranded DNA[J]. Nature, 1982, 295:64~66.
45 Tischer I, Rasch R, Tochtermann G. Characterization of papovavirus-and picornavirus-like particles in permanent pig kidney cell lines [J].Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig A, 1974, 226(2):153~167.
46 Vincent I E, Carrasco C P, Herrmann B, et al.Dendritic cells harbor infectious porcine circovirus type 2 in the absence of apparent cell modulation or replication of the virus[J]. J Virol, 2003, 77:13288~13300.
47 Zlotowski P, Rozza D B, Pescador C A, et al. Muco-cutaneous candidiasis in two pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome[J]. The Veterinary Journal, 2006, 171(3):566~569.

[1]	KANG Pu, REN Zhaowen, CAI Rujian, LYU Zongji, HUANG Yuhao, WANG Xiaohu. Variation Regularity and Transmission of PRRSV-2 Lineage 8 Strains in Guangdong and Surrounding Provinces [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(5): 2001-2011.
[2]	JIANG Haijun, WANG Dan, GUO Yu, WEI Li, HOU Lei, WANG Jing, ZHU Shanshan, LIU Jue. Fusion Expression and Immunogenicity of Recombinant Cap-flagellin Protein of Porcine Circovirus Type 3 [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(5): 2044-2052.
[3]	LIU Xinyue, LI Lifang, WANG Zhenbao, ZHANG Wenliang, ZHANG Xin, ZHAO Hongtao, LI Pengyu, ZHENG Haotian, XIAO Jin, QI Peng. Adjuvants Screening and Immune Protection of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Synthetic Peptide Vaccine [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(3): 1068-1080.
[4]	ZHOU Wenfeng, ZHANG Yingjie, BAI Yihan, ZHANG Luhua, MAI Jinhui, WANG Naidong, YANG Yi, ZHAN Yang, WANG Dongliang. Complete Genome Sequence Analysis and Cap CTL Epitopes Prediction of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(2): 656-665.
[5]	LIANG Yingxin, CHEN Zejia, LI Jichao, CUI Xiaoxiao, FENG Qianqi, LI Shoujun, CHEN Aolei. Investigation on the Infection of Equine Intestinal Parasite in Partial Cities in Guangdong Province [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(7): 2725-2734.
[6]	ZHOU Wei, LIU Xuping, ZHANG Yanmin, PENG Wenjuan, ZHAO Liang, TAN Wensong. Serum-free Suspension Culture of PK-15 Cells and Its Effect on the Proliferation of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(6): 2397-2405.
[7]	GUO Luanying, LI Jialei, JIN Qinqin, MA Jun, LIU Quan. Research Progress on Bovine Hepacivirus [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(5): 1994-2000.
[8]	YANG Lulu, LI Anqi, YUAN Sheng, HUANG Liangzong, HUANG Shujian, WEN Feng, GUO Jinyue. Complete Genome Evolution Analysis of Four Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Isolates from Guangdong Province [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(3): 1015-1023.
[9]	SUN Qingshuai, YAN Weidong, LI Chang, WU Hao, LI Changchun, HE Qigai. Effect of PCV3 on the Expression of Growth-related Hormones and Functional Genes in Piglets [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(3): 1041-1047.
[10]	ZHAO Yi, ZHANG Wen, CHEN Jiaji, SONG Manling, CHEN Qi, XIE Xiaodong, HU Tingjun. Establishment of 3D4/2 Cell Inflammatory Model Induced by PCV2 in vitro [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(12): 4920-4927.
[11]	SUN Qingshuai, CHEN Yanhong, YAO Lun, SUN Qi, YU Xuexiang, WU Hao, RUAN Shengnan, LEI Mingkai, YAN Weidong, HE Qigai. Diagnosis and Treatment of Reproductive Disorders in Sows Caused by Co-infection of PCV2 and PCV3 [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(10): 3982-3993.
[12]	YIN Yanwen, SHI Kaichuang, SUN Wenchao, XIE Shouyu, QU Sujie, LU Wenjun, WANG Luxia, QIN Yong, PEI Xingbiao, LING Dan. Surveillance Analysis of Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus in Border Areas of Guangxi from 2013 to 2019 [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(8): 3002-3009.
[13]	CAO Mixia, GUAN Jingyuan, YANG Jian, WANG Xinrui, WANG Lingli, BIN Xiujuan, WANG Kefei, HUANG Haizi, HU Tingjun. Effect of Passiflora edulis Polysaccharide Extract on Oxidative Stress of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Infected RAW264.7 Cells [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(6): 2238-2246.
[14]	GAO Yingxue, XUE Rui, LIN Min, HU Huanyi, LIU Changjin, WAN Wenzhong, LUO Feng, DENG Shunzhou. Construction and Expression Analysis of Multicopies P28-Cap Recombinant Swine Pox Virus Expressing Porcine Circovirus Type 2 [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(3): 818-828.
[15]	ZHANG Shuang, GUO Yu, XUE Wenhui, ZHAO Qianhui, HUO Shuying. Research Progress on Poultry Candida glabrata [J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(3): 1013-1019.

Recent Advances in the Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Diseases Caused by Porcine Circovirus Type 2

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles 0

Metrics

Comments