Abstract: Candida glabrata had gradually developed into the second largest pathogen in poultry Candida,which was usually a normal flora in the oral cavity,esophagus and gastrointestinal tract.When the immunity of the body decreased,it showed pathogenicity to the host,and with the increase of infection,once the strain entered the blood,it spread to the whole body,resulting in systemic candidiasis.Candida glabrata mainly infected chickens and pigeons.In clinic,the main symptoms was loss of appetite and emaciation,growth retardation,loose feathers and mental depression.Autopsy showed that white pseudomembrane or white round uplift ulcer was formed on the surface of crop mucosa,which was similar to carpet-like disease,commonly known as candidiasis.Candida glabrata existed in the form of yeast in the process of infection,and its mycelium morphology was not seen.During the invasion,Candida glabrata formed a biofilm to escape medical sterilization and disinfection,and used adhesin formed by adhesin family to absorb and invade the host.It could destroy host cells by hydrolyzing protease and other virulence factors,thus showing pathogenicity.The animal body used macrophage phagocytosis and oxidative stress to resist the infection of Candida glabrata.The bacteria detoxified actived oxides through the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase detoxifying enzymes and the production of antioxidants glutathione and thioredoxin,thus survived immune attacks.In order to cope with the economic loss caused by Candida glabrata infection,the long-term and large-scale used of antifungal drugs led to the increasing of drug resistance,and Candida glabrata showed high drug resistance to first-line antifungal drugs,especially azoles.Researchers were increasingly inclined to use natural extracts to solve the problem of drug resistance of Candida glabrata.This paper reviewed the etiology,virulence factors and pathogenicity,epidemiology,antibiotics and detection techniques of Candida glabrata,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of effective antibiotics and more effective prevention and treatment of candidiasis in the future.

Key words: Candida glabrata; etiology; virulence factors and pathogenicity; epidemiology; antimicrobials