填饲对北京鸭生长发育、胸肌生化指标和肉品质的影响

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.08.007

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 This experiment was conducted to study the effect of overfeeding on growth and development,biochemical indexes,and meat quality of breast muscle in Pekin ducks.【Method】 One hundred and twenty 35-day-old Pekin ducks with similar body weights (2 529 g±40 g) were randomly divided into 2 groups (normal feeding group and overfeeding group) with 6 replicates per group and 10 ducks per replicate.The test period was 7 days,each duck in normal feeding group was fed 260 g/d on day 1-7,while each duck in overfeeding group was fed 260 g/d on day 1,300 g/d on day 2,and 420 g/d on day 3-7.At 42 days of age,2 ducks per replicate with 5 mL blood collected from the wing vein after 12 h fasting and then were slaughtered.The dressing,breast muscle and leg muscle were weighed,and percentage of dressing,breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate were calculated.The plasma and breast muscle biochemical indexes,meat quality and fatty acids in breast muscle were determined.【Result】 ① Compared with the normal feeding group,average body weight,average daily gain,dressing weight,percentage of dressing,breast muscle weight of Pekin ducks in the overfeeding group were significantly increased (P＜0.05),leg muscle weight and percentage of leg muscle were significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Feed/gain and breast muscle percentage had no significant differences between the two groups (P＞0.05).② Compared with the normal feeding group,plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) in the overfeeding group were significantly increased (P＜0.05),and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity was significantly decreased (P＜0.05).Breast muscle water content,crude protein content,and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activity were significantly reduced (P＜0.05),and intermuscular fat and triglyceride (TG) contents were significantly improved (P＜0.05).③ Compared with the normal feeding group,lightness (L^*),yellow ness (b^*),and cooking losses of breast muscle in the overfeeding group were significantly increased (P＜0.05).④ Compared with the normal feeding group,the contents of C22∶5 n-6 and polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SFA) of breast muscle in the overfeeding group were significantly decreased (P＜0.05),while the contents of C14∶0,C16∶1 n-7,C18∶1 n-9,C20∶2 n-6,C20∶3 n-6,C22∶0,fatty acid (FA),unsaturated fatty acid (UFA),and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) of breast muscle in the overfeeding group were significantly increased (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Overfeeding promoted the growth and development of Pekin ducks,enhanced the fat metabolism,increased the contents of intermuscular fat,total fatty acid,and unsaturated fatty acid in the breast muscle,decreased water and crude protein contents in the breast muscle,and the breast muscle meat cooking loss was higher in the overfeeding group.

Key words: Pekin ducks; growth performance; slaughtering performance; biochemical indexes; meat quality

CLC Number:

S834⁺.81

ZHUANG Lei, ZHAO Zitao, WU Yongbao, CAO Junting, GUO Yanhong, WU Zhanyue, WU Sen, WEN Zhiguo. Effects of Overfeeding on Growth and Development,Biochemical Indexes, and Meat Quality of Breast Muscle in Pekin Ducks[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(8): 3093-3101.

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Effects of Overfeeding on Growth and Development,Biochemical Indexes, and Meat Quality of Breast Muscle in Pekin Ducks

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