中国畜禽饲料资源中镁含量的调查研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2023.05.016

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 The purpose of this survey was to investigate the distribution of magnesium contents in various feed materials from different regions in China,so as to provide scientific basis for reasonable supplement of magnesium in the diet.【Method】 A total of 4 054 samples of 37 kinds of feed materials for livestock and poultry were collected from 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China.After pretreatment,microwave digestion was performed and then the magnesium contents were determined by an ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS).The One-Way ANOVA was used to analyze the magnesium content in different feedstuffs from the same category and some feedstuffs from different provincial (district) with SAS software,respectively.The differences in magnesium contents among different feedstuffs and different regions were compared.【Result】 The distribution regulation of magnesium contents in various categories of feed materials was as follows:Mineral feeds (average magnesium contents were 12 740 mg/kg) ＞ vegetable protein feeds (average magnesium contents were 4 335 mg/kg) ＞ cereal by-products (average magnesium contents were 3 275 mg/kg) ＞ forage feeds (average magnesium contents were 2 482 mg/kg) ＞ straw feeds (average magnesium contents were 2 346 mg/kg) ＞ animal protein feeds (average magnesium contents were 1 436 mg/kg) ＞ cereal seeds (average magnesium contents were 1 220 mg/kg).There were significant differences in magnesium contents among different feed materials from the same categories (P＜0.05).In the cereals,the magnesium content in wheat or barley (1 358 mg/kg) was the highest,while that in rice (1 115 mg/kg) was the lowest.In the cereal by-products,the highest (5 791 mg/kg) and lowest (387 mg/kg) magnesium contents were observed in rice bran and broken rice,respectively.In the vegetable protein feeds,the highest (6 664 mg/kg) and lowest (2 605 mg/kg) magnesium contents were detected in cottonseed meal and expanded soybean,respectively.As for animal protein feeds,the highest (3 479 mg/kg) and lowest (269 mg/kg) magnesium contents were detected in fish meal and dried blood cells,respectively.As for straw feeds,the highest (4 024 mg/kg) and lowest (1 136 mg/kg) magnesium contents were found in sweet potato vine and wheat straw,respectively.As for pasture feeds,the highest (2 996 mg/kg) and lowest (1 617 mg/kg) magnesium contents were found in alfalfa and Leymus chinensis,respectively.As for mineral feeds,the highest (18 290 mg/kg) and lowest (3 118 mg/kg) magnesium contents were found in calcium hydrogen phosphate and shell powder,respectively.A comparison was made among the magnesium contents of corn,wheat or soybean meal in different provinces (regions),and the results showed that there were significant differences in the magnesium contents of the same feed materials from different provinces (regions) (P＜0.05).According to 152 feed formulas commonly used in swine and chickens all over the country,the calculated magnesium contents in the diets were ranged from 1 848 to 2 100 mg/kg.In accordance with the magnesium requirements suggested by feeding standards of swine and chicken (2004) in China or the NRC (1994) of the United States for swine and chickens,about 1/3 of the magnesium contents in the diets could meet all the nutritional requirements of magnesium for swine and chickens,but the above estimations had not considered the availabilities of magnesium in different feed materials.【Conclusion】 The content of the mineral element magnesium varies greatly among regions and various types of feed ingredients in China.The magnesium contents in the commonly used diet formulas in the country could provide all the magnesium nutritional requirements of swine and chickens.Therefore,the actual production should fully consider the total magnesium content of the ration and its utilization rate in different regions,and reduce the addition of magnesium and the waste of resources under the premise of ensuring the health of livestock and poultry and efficient production.

Key words: feed resources; magnesium contents; pig; chicken

CLC Number:

S816.35

WU Jingxuan, SUN Zheng, MA Xuelian, ZHANG Liyang, LIAO Xiudong, LUO Xugang, LI Sufen, LYU Lin. A Survey on Magnesium Contents in Feed Resources for Livestock and Poultry in China[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2023, 50(5): 1888-1898.

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A Survey on Magnesium Contents in Feed Resources for Livestock and Poultry in China

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