China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine ›› 2021, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 4319-4326.doi: 10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.11.042

• Clinical Veterinary Medicine • Previous Articles    

Research Progress on Epigenetic Regulation Mechanism in Canine Tumor

REN Xiaoli1, FAN Yuying2, HUANGFU Heping1, DONG Qing1, SHI Dongmei1, LIU Yun2   

  1. 1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry of Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
    2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150036, China
  • Received:2021-04-06 Online:2021-11-20 Published:2021-11-01

Abstract: The canine neoplastic disease is common in the veterinary clinic, which has a high incidence and is one of the important causes of dog death worldwide. Because canine tumors are similar to human tumors in their pathological classification, spontaneity, genes, and signal pathways, dogs with tumors can be used as research models for human tumors. Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene function and expression levels that occur without a change in DNA sequence, mainly through the regulation of gene transcription and translation process influence the functions and features. Epigenetic changes mainly include changes in DNA methylation level, histone modification, chromatin remolding, and regulation of non-coding RNA. Abnormal DNA methylation has been studied in a variety of canine tumors, including canine leukemia, lymphoma, and melanoma. Among these tumors, the abnormal DNA methylation patterns of canine and human tumors are similar. The dysregulation of the expression of a variety of histone-modifying enzymes in tumors is the research hotspot of molecular targets for the development of anti-tumor drugs, but there are currently few studies in canine tumors. microRNA and lncRNA are currently research focuses on non-coding RNA. Many researches had been devoted to the development of targeted research drugs for non-coding RNA, but currently, there are few applications in the veterinary field. In this paper, the epidemiology, DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNA, and other epigenetic changes in canine cancer were reviewed to reveal the relationship between epigenetic abnormalities and the occurrence and development of canine tumor, and to provide a reference for the development of specific markers for the diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognosis of canine neoplastic diseases.

Key words: canine; tumor; epigenetic regulation; DNA methylation

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