和田多胎红羊泌乳规律初步研究

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.04.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在探明和田多胎红羊泌乳规律，提高双羔成活率。选取6只产双羔和田多胎红羊母羊为试验动物，检测其产后1~28 d泌乳量、乳成分变化规律；测量产后第1天母羊乳房体尺指标，并与泌乳量进行相关性分析。结果显示，和田多胎红羊产后1~28 d总泌乳量为29.87 kg，平均每日泌乳量为1.07 kg，泌乳量在第1~3天上升速度最快，在第21天达到峰值1.23 kg，泌乳曲线方程为：y=537t^0.477e^-0.033t；乳脂、非脂乳固体、密度、乳糖、固形物、蛋白质指标在和田多胎红羊母羊产后1~3 d快速下降，7~28 d趋于稳定，且6项指标第1天与第7、14、21、28天均差异极显著（P<0.01）；和田多胎红羊母羊产后第1天与第14、21、28天的泌乳量之间相关性不显著（P>0.05），产后第2天与第28天的泌乳量相关性不显著（P>0.05），其他均显著相关（P<0.05）；母羊产后第1、2、3、7天泌乳量与乳房宽呈显著相关（P<0.05），母羊产后第14、21、28天泌乳量与乳房体尺指标相关性不显著（P>0.05）。以上研究结果为和田多胎红羊新类群种质特性、选育、饲料配制、羔羊早期断奶等提供理论依据。

关键词: 和田多胎红羊; 泌乳量; 泌乳曲线; 乳成分; 乳房体尺

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the lactation law of Hetian multiparous Red sheep and improve the survival rate of double lambs.In this experiment,6 ewes of Hetian multiparous Red sheep with double lambs were selected as the objects to study the changes of milk yield and milk composition from 1 to 28 days after parturition,and analyze the correlation between breast body size index and milk yield on the first postpartum day.The results showed that the total milk yield of Hetian multiparous Red sheep was 29.87 kg from 1 to 28 days after parturition,and the average daily milk yield was 1.07 kg,the milk production increased fastest at 1-3 d,and reached the peak value of 1.23 kg on the 21st day.The lactation curve equation was y=537t^0.477e^-0.033t.The milk fat,non-fat milk solids,density,lactose,solids,protein indexes of Hetian multiparous Red sheep decreased rapidly at 1-3 d after parturition,and tended to be stable at 7-28 d,and there were significant differences between the 1st day and the 7th,14th,21st and 28th days of the six indicators (P<0.01).The lactation correlation between the 1st day and 14th,21st and 28th days was not significant of Hetian multiparous red sheep ewes after delivery (P>0.05),and the lactation correlation between the 2nd day and 28th day was not significant (P>0.05),others were significantly correlated(P<0.05).There was a significant correlation between lactation and breast width on the 1st,2nd,3rd and 7th days of parturition (P<0.05),and there was no significant correlation between lactation and breast body size on the 14th,21st and 28th days of parturition (P>0.05).The above results provided a theoretical basis for the germplasm characteristics,breeding,feed preparation and early weaning of Hetian multiparous red sheep.

Key words: Hetian multiparous Red sheep; milk yield; lactation curve; milk composition; breast size

中图分类号:

S826

何宗龙, 侯晨曦, 洪文娟, 姚力丹, 依明·苏来曼, 白永胜, 决肯·阿尼瓦什. 和田多胎红羊泌乳规律初步研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(4): 1334-1342.

HE Zonglong, HOU Chenxi, HONG Wenjuan, YAO Lidan, Yiming·Sulaiman, BAI Yongsheng, Jueken·Aniwashi. Preliminary Study on Lactation Regularity of Hetian Multiparous Red Sheep[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(4): 1334-1342.

参考文献

[1] 宁礼群,古丽娜·艾山,马合木提·哈力克.新疆地方绵羊Cytb基因遗传多样性与起源研究[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(12):3001-3008. NING L Q,GULINA A S,MAHEMUTI H L K.Genetic diversity and origin of Xinjiang domestic sheep (Ovis aries) analyzed by Cytb gene[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2016,29(12):3001-3008.(in Chinese)
[2] 樊慧丽,付文阁.基于局部均衡模型的中国羊肉市场供需变动分析[J].浙江农业学报,2020,32(6):1123-1132. FAN H L,FU W G.Analysis of supply and demand changes in China's mutton market based on partial equilibrium model[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2020,32(6):1123-1132.(in Chinese)
[3] 张宇,王立娜,张宏达,等.母乳、牛乳及山羊乳脂肪酸组成的差异分析[J].食品工业科技,2019,40(4):21-26. ZHANG Y,WANG L N,ZHANG H D,et al.Difference analysis of fatty acid composition of breast milk,bovine milk and goat milk[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2019,40(4):21-26.(in Chinese)
[4] 朱江江,罗军,孙雨婷,等.陕西不同地区不同泌乳时期奶山羊乳成分分析[J].家畜生态学报,2018,39(5):52-55. ZHU J J,LUO J,SUN Y T,et al.Difference analysis of goat milk at various lactation stages in different regions of Shaanxi province[J].Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology,2018,39(5):52-55.(in Chinese)
[5] 赵雪莉,汪水平,钟荣珍,等.产前驱虫对母羊产奶量和乳品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(1):198-204. ZHAO X L,WANG S P,ZHONG R Z,et al.Effects of antenatal anthelmintic treatment on milk yield and milk quality of ewes[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2019,31(1):198-204.(in Chinese)
[6] 高康,王浩,王天翔,等.甘肃高山细毛羊泌乳规律及哺乳期羔羊体重生长规律研究[J].家畜生态学报,2018,39(7):20-24. GAO K,WANG H,WANG T X,et al.Research on lactating law and growing law of lambs during lactation period of Gansu Alpine fine wool sheep[J].Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology, 2018,39(7):20-24.(in Chinese)
[7] ZVONIMIR P,IVAN V,MIROSLAV B,et al.Relationship of litter size with milk yield,udder morphology and udder health of East Friesian sheep[J].Journal of Central European Agriculture,2016,17(4):1331-1345.
[8] JUAN C,ANGELES H,GEOFF P,et al.The application of a mechanistic model to analyze the factors that affect the lactation curve parameters of dairy sheep in Mexico[J].Small Ruminant Research,2018,164:58-63.
[9] WOOD P D P.Algebraic model of the lactation curve in cattle[J].Nature,1967,216(10):164-165.
[10] 李一蒙,张明月,廖清超,等.影响家畜产奶量的乳房性状研究进展[J].中国奶牛,2019,5:19-22. LI Y M,ZHANG M Y,LIAO Q C,et al.Advance on the effects of udder traits on the milk yield of livestock[J].China Dairy Cattle,2019,5:19-22.(in Chinese)
[11] 李贺,马莺.羊乳营养及其功能性特性[J].中国乳品工业,2017,45(1):29-33. LI H,MA Y.Nutrition and functional properties of goat milk[J].China Dairy Industry,2017,45(1):29-33.(in Chinese)
[12] 马友记,董琪利,李发弟,等.舍饲绵羊产后30天产奶量及乳成分变化规律[J].草业学报,2013,22(5):287-293. MA Y J,DONG Q L,LI F D,et al.Changes of milk yields and their nutrient composition in confined 0-30 days postpartum sheep[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2013,22(5):287-293.(in Chinese)
[13] 黄耀辉,王永军,胡秀芝.西农萨能奶山羊泌乳规律研究[J].家畜生态学报,2015,36(8):11-16. HUANG Y H,WANG Y J,HU X Z.Study on lactation rules of Xinong Saanen dairy goats[J].Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology,2015,36(8):11-16.(in Chinese)
[14] ARNAL M,ROBERT-GRANIÉ C,LARROQUE H.Diversity of dairy goat lactation curves in France[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2018,101(12):11040-11051.
[15] 王晓东,雒秋江,李凤鸣,等.1~40日龄羔羊哺乳量、开食料采食量和体增重研究[J].新疆农业科学,2015,52(5):946-953. WANG X D,LUO Q J,LI F M,et al.Studies on the sucked milk,starter feed intake and body weight gain of 1-40 day's lambs[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2015,52(5):946-953.(in Chinese)
[16] BURGOS G C,HUERTA A M,AGUIRRE V,et al.Short communication:Milk production and lamb deve lopment in Saint Croix and Katahdin hair sheep breeds(Ovis aries)[J].Tropical Animal Health and Production,2018,50(3):683-687.
[17] 李讨讨,马友记.湖寒杂交后代母羊产后1~30 d泌乳量及乳成分变化规律研究[J].中国草食动物科学,2017,37(3):8-11. LI T T,MA Y J.Changes of the milk yield and milk composition in confined 1-30 days postpartum Hu sheep and Small-tailed Han sheep crossbred ewes[J].China Herbivore Science,2017,37(3):8-11.(in Chinese)
[18] 吕亚军.滩羊产后1~30天泌乳规律及1~30日龄羔羊营养需要量研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2008. LYU Y J.The lactation rules of Tan sheep ewes postpartum 1-30 day and nutrient requirements for lambs at 1-30 d[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2008.(in Chinese)
[19] NADⅡA Z,OLEXANDRA B,VIKTOR B.Influence of diet on the productivity and characteristics of goat milk[J].Indian Journal of Animal Research,2018,52(5):711-717.
[20] KLJAJEVIC N V,TOMASEVICIGOR B,MILORA-DOVIC Z N,et al.Seasonal variations of Saanen goat milk composition and the impact of climatic conditions[J].Journal of Food Science and Techno-logy,2018,55(1):299-303.
[21] 李龙柱,张富新,贾润芳,等.不同哺乳动物乳中主要营养成分比较的研究进展[J].食品工业科技,2012,33(19):396-400. LI L Z,ZHANG F X,JIA R F,et al.Research progress of comparison of major nutritional components for different mammalian milk[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2012,33(19):396-400.(in Chinese)
[22] 华丽萍,李梓芃,李俊,等.地中海奶水牛乳房形态结构与泌乳性能的关联分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2020,47(7):2104-2112. HUA L P,LI Z P,LI J,et al.Correlation analysis between udder morphology and lactation performance in Mediterranean buffaloe[J].China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine,2020,47(7):2104-2112.(in Chinese)
[23] RUPP R,CLÉMENT V,PIACERE A,et al.Genetic parameters for milk somatic cell score and relationship with production and udder type traits in dairy Alpine and Saanen primiparous goats[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(7):3629-3634.