中国畜牧兽医

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分娩与断奶背膘厚度对猪繁殖性能的影响研究

刘柱1,杨志远1,李哓玉2,杨雪1,黄涛1   

  1. 1.石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子  8320002.石河子大学医学院,新疆石河子  832000

  • 收稿日期:2013-10-08 出版日期:2014-06-20 发布日期:2014-07-24
  • 通讯作者: 杨雪(1982—),女,湖北人,硕士,助教,研究方向:动物生产。 黄涛(1978—),男,湖北人,博士,副教授,研究方向:动物遗传育种与繁殖。
  • 作者简介:刘柱(1992—),男,山东人,学士,研究方向:动物科学。
  • 基金资助:

    石河子大学动植物育种专项(gxjs2009-yz01);国家自然科学基金(31060295)。

Study on Influence of Sows’ Backfat Thickness at Farrowing and Weaning on Reproductive Performance

LIU Zhu1, YANG Zhi-yuan1, LI Xiao-yu2, YANG Xue1, HUANG Tao1   

  1.  (1. College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000China2. College of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000China)

  • Received:2013-10-08 Online:2014-06-20 Published:2014-07-24

摘要: 为研究母猪分娩与断奶时背膘厚度对繁殖性能的影响,使用A超测定母猪分娩及断奶时的背膘厚度,根据分娩时背膘厚度将试验动物分为1组(X<10 mm)、2 组(10 mm≤X≤14 mm)、3 组(X>14 mm),根据断奶时背膘厚度将试验动物分为A组(X<7 mm)、B组(7 mm≤X<10 mm)、C组(10 mm≤X<13 mm)、D组(13 mm≤X<16 mm)、E组(X≥16 mm),又根据母猪哺乳期间损失的背膘厚度分为Ⅰ组(X<3 mm)、Ⅱ组(3 mm≤X≤6 mm)、Ⅲ组(X>6 mm),用方差分析比较各组繁殖表现,并建立了发情间隔对背膘厚度的回归方程。结果表明,分娩时产死胎母猪的比例2组是10.5%,在3组中最小;断奶后平均发情间隔C组显著低于其他各组(P<0.05);哺乳期间背膘损失最大的Ⅲ组母猪平均发情间隔为8 d,显著高于Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。表明分娩与断奶背膘厚对母猪繁殖性能有显著影响,膘情适中的母猪有最好的繁殖表现,并建立了回归方程Y=31.787-6.169X +0.440X2-0.009X3,用于预测母猪发情配种日期。

关键词:

背膘厚度; 发情间隔; 背膘损失; 繁殖性能; 母猪

Abstract: This experiment was aimed to reveal the effects of sows’ backfat thickness at farrowing and at weaning on reproductive performance. The backfat thickness at farrowing and at weaning was determined by type-A ultrasonic device. According to the backfat thickness at farrowing, sows were divided into group 1 (<10 mm), group 2 (10~14 mm),group 3 (>14 mm);According to the backfat thickness at weaning, sows were divided into group A (<7 mm), group B (7~10 mm), group C (10~13 mm),group D (13~16 mm),group E (>16 mm);According to the loss of backfat thickness during the lactation period, sows were divided into group Ⅰ(<3 mm),group Ⅱ(3~6 mm) and group Ⅲ(>6 mm). The results showed that the rate of sows producing stillbirth was 10.5% in group 2, which was the least in the three groups, and the average weaning-estrus interval of group C was significantly shorter than other groups (P<0.05). During the lactation period, the loss of back fat thickness in group Ⅲ was higher than groupⅠand groupⅡevidently, and the average estrus interval of group C was also markedly higher than groupⅠand groupⅡ (P<0.05). The study indicated that sows with medium backfat thickness at farrowing and weaning shown the best reproduction performance. And an regression equation was established to forecast estrus date based on backfat thickness at weaning: Y=31.787-6.169X+0.440X2-0.009X3.

Key words:

backfat thickness; estrus interval; loss of backfat thickness; reproductive performance; sows